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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define basic research.
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Research conducted to advance scientific knowledge
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Define applied research.
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Research designed to solve practical problems
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What are the six steps to the scientific method?
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1) Identify questions of interest and review literature
2) Develop a testable hypothesis 3) Select a research method and collect the data 4) Analyze the data and accept or reject the hypothesis 5) Publish, replicate, and seek scientific review 6) Build a theory |
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What is a specific prediction about how one variable relates to another?
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Hypothesis (must be falsifiable)
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What is an interrelated set of concepts that explain a body of data?
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Theory
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Define informed consent.
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A participant’s agreement to take part in a study after being told what to expect
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Define debriefing.
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Informing participants after the research about the purpose of the study, the nature of the anticipated results, and any deceptions used
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What guidelines has the APA developed to regulate research with human participants?
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Informed consent
Voluntary participation Restricted use of deception Debriefing Confidentiality Alternate activities |
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What are the four key research methods?
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Experimental
Descriptive Correlational Biological |
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What is a carefully controlled scientific procedure that involves manipulation of variables to determine cause and effect?
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Experiment
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Define independent variable.
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An experimental factor that is manipulated to determine its causal effect on the dependent variable
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Define dependent variable.
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An experimental factor that is measured; it is affected by (or dependent on) the independent variable
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Define experimental group.
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A group receiving treatment in an experiment.
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Define control group.
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A group receiving no treatment in an experiment
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What are some potential problems with the researcher in an experiment?
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Experimental bias – researcher influences results in expected direction
Ethnocentrism – believing one’s culture is typical of all cultures or correct |
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What are some potential problems with the participant in an experiment?
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Sample bias – the participants are not representative of the larger population
Participant bias – experimental conditions influence the participant’s behavior or metal processes |
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What is a research method that observes and records behavior without producing casual explanations?
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Descriptive research
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What are the three types of descriptive research?
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Naturalistic observation
Surveys Case studies |
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What is the observation and recording of behavior in the participant’s natural site or habitat?
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Naturalistic observation
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What is a research technique that questions a large sample of people to assess their behaviors and attitudes?
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Survey
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What is an in-depth study using a single research participant?
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Case study
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What is a scientific study in which the researcher observes or measures (without directly manipulating) two or more variables to find the relationships between them?
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Correlational research
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What are the three types of correlation?
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Positive – two variables move (or vary) in the same direction
Negative – the two factors vary in opposite directions Zero – no relationship |
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What is a scientific study of the brain and other parts of the nervous system?
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Biological research
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