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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regarding the difference between normal and abnormal behavior, which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Abnormal behavior is unusual, whereas normal behavior is not. |
b. The difference between normal and abnormal is often a matter of degree. |
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Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. “Abnormal” behavior is almost always easy to distinguish from “normal” behavior. b. When someone's behavior strikes you as strange or unusual, you can correctly label the behavior as “psychopathological.” c. The dividing line between normal and abnormal behavior is often determined by the social or cultural context in which a particular behavior occurs. d. According to DSM-IV-TR, a person who refused to eat foods such as fish, meat, onions, garlic, or other “hot” foods, for six months or longer would be classified as suffering from a mental disorder. |
c. The dividing line between normal and abnormal behavior is often determined by the social or cultural context in which a particular behavior occurs. |
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The term _____ refers to the scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders.
a. sociopathology |
b. psychopathology |
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The acronym “DSM-IV-TR” stands for:
a. Developmental and Secondary Mental Disorders Manual, 4th Translation b. Disorders: Simple and Multifaceted, 4th Edition, Technical Revision |
d. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision |
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According to the Critical Thinking section, which of the following statements about people with psychological disorders is TRUE?
a. Multiple studies have found that people with a major mental illness belong to one of the most stigmatized groups in modern society. b. In much of the popular media, people with psychological disorders are portrayed in positive, but stereotyped ways, such as being creative geniuses or artistic prodigies. c. Research has shown that even people with mild psychological disorders tend to be dangerous and prone to violence. d. People with psychological disorders are the least stigmatized group in modern society. |
a. Multiple studies have found that people with a major mental illness belong to one of the most stigmatized groups in modern society. |
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Research has investigated whether people with mental disorders are significantly more violent and dangerous than other groups of people. What was the basic finding of that research?
a. People with even mild psychological disorders are more likely to be dangerous and violent than people who do not have a mental disorder. b. People who have a severe mental disorder in which they are delusional or hallucinating have a slightly higher level of violent behavior than people who do not have a mental disorder. c. People who have a severe mental disorder in which they are delusional or hallucinating are actually much less likely to display violent behavior than people who do not have a mental disorder. d. Mental illness is the most significant risk factor predicting the likelihood that a person will behave violently. |
b. People who have a severe mental disorder in which they are delusional or hallucinating have a slightly higher level of violent behavior than people who do not have a mental disorder. |
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A study by psychologist Henry Steadman and his colleagues monitored the behavior of more than 1,000 former mental patients for a year after they were discharged from psychiatric facilities. They also monitored the behavior of a matched control group of people who were not former mental patients but were living in the same neighborhood. What did the study find?
a. The people in the matched control group were more than twice as likely to smoke cigarettes as the former mental patients. b. Compared to the control group, the former mental patients were almost three times as likely to behave violently during the year. c. Compared to the control group, the former mental patients were more likely to be victims of violent crime. d. The former mental patients did not have a higher rate of violence than the comparison group. |
d. The former mental patients did not have a higher rate of violence than the comparison group. |
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Researcher George Gerbner and his colleagues analyzed U.S. television shows. According to the Critical Thinking section, they found that:
a. although 5 percent of normal television characters are murderers, 70 percent of the mentally ill characters are killers. b. forty percent of normal characters were violent, but only 5 percent of characters labeled mentally ill were violent. c. although 5 percent of normal television characters are murderers, 20 percent of the mentally ill characters are killers. d. 70 percent of normal characters were violent, but only 20 percent of characters labeled mentally ill were violent. |
c. although 5 percent of normal television characters are murderers, 20 percent of the mentally ill characters are killers. |
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According to the Critical Thinking section, recent meta-analytic research on mental illness and violent behavior has shown that:
a. people who have a severe mental illness and are experiencing extreme psychological symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations, have a very low level of violent behavior compared to normal people. b. substance abuse greatly increases the risk of violent behavior by people who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness, such as schizophrenia. c. people who have a severe mental illness and are experiencing extreme psychological symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations, have approximately three times the level of violent behavior as normal people. d. substance abuse greatly decreases the risk of violent behavior by people who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness, such as schizophrenia. |
b. substance abuse greatly increases the risk of violent behavior by people who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness, such as schizophrenia. |
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According to the Critical Thinking section on the media and mental illness, which of the following is FALSE?
a. Most violent individuals are not psychotic and most psychotic individuals are not violent. c. Most violent individuals are psychotic, and most psychotic individuals are violent. |
c. Most violent individuals are psychotic, and most psychotic individuals are violent. |
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Which of the following statements about DSM-IV-TR is FALSE?
a. DSM-IV-TR describes approximately 250 specific psychological disorders. b. DSM-IV-TR provides a common language to diagnose and label mental disorders. c. DSM-IV-TR is of little practical value to clinical psychologists and other mental health workers because it merely describes the symptoms of mental illnesses and does not explain what causes them. d. DSM-IV-TR describes the specific criteria that must be met in order for a mental health professional to diagnose a particular mental disorder. |
c. DSM-IV-TR is of little practical value to clinical psychologists and other mental health workers because it merely describes the symptoms of mental illnesses and does not explain what causes them. |
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The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) investigated:
a. the prevalence of mental disorders among minority groups. d. how people with mental disorders were portrayed in television shows. |
c. the prevalence of mental or psychological disorders in American adults. |
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The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) found that:
a. almost one out of two adults (46 percent) has experienced the symptoms of a psychological disorder at some point thus far in his or her life. b. there was a very low degree of comorbidity; few people with one disorder were likely to be diagnosed with another disorder as well. c. the vast majority of people with a psychological disorder seek professional treatment for their symptoms. d. only 1 out of every 10 adults (10 percent) has experienced the symptoms of a psychological disorder at some point in his or her life. |
a. almost one out of two adults (46 percent) has experienced the symptoms of a psychological disorder at some point thus far in his or her life. |
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According to the results of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), approximately _____ American adults has experienced the symptoms of a psychological disorder during the previous year.
a. 1 out of 4 (26 percent) b. 1 out of 10 (10 percent) c. 1 out of 2 (46 percent) d. 1 out of 100 (1 percent) |
a. 1 out of 4 (26 percent) |
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According to the results of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), approximately one out of _____ American adults has experienced the symptoms of a psychological disorder at some point thus far in his or her life.
a. 250 b. 50 c. 10 d. 2 |
d. 2 |
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According to the results of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), approximately _____ percent of people with the symptoms of a mental disorder received no treatment during the past year.
a. 10 b. 99.9 c. 26 d. 59 |
d. 59 |
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One finding of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is that:
a. the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders was 10 percent. b. the lifetime prevalence of mood disorders was 15 percent. c. the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders was 50 percent. d. the lifetime prevalence of mood disorders was 21 percent. |
d. the lifetime prevalence of mood disorders was 21 percent. |
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One finding of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is that:
a. the lifetime prevalence of impulse-control disorders was 10 percent. b. the lifetime prevalence of mood disorders was 21 percent. d. the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders was 10 percent. |
b. the lifetime prevalence of mood disorders was 21 percent. |
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One finding of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is that:
a. the lifetime prevalence of impulse-control disorders was 25 percent. b. the lifetime prevalence of mood disorders was 15 percent. d. the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders was 46 percent. |
a. the lifetime prevalence of impulse-control disorders was 25 percent. |
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One finding of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is that:
a. the lifetime prevalence of impulse-control disorders was 10 percent. b. the lifetime prevalence of mood disorders was 15 percent. d. the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders was 29 percent. |
d. the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders was 29 percent. |
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Based on the findings of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. The symptoms of many psychological disorders, especially those involving mild to moderately disruptive symptoms, diminish with the passage of time. b. There are many effective treatments for psychological disorders that can produce fairly enduring improvements relatively quickly. c. The majority of people with the symptoms of a mental disorder (59 percent) received excellent care and treatment during the past year. d. The treatment obtained by many people for their psychological disorders was often inadequate, falling short of established guidelines. |
c. The majority of people with the symptoms of a mental disorder (59 percent) received excellent care and treatment during the past year. |
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If Harold carefully read the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) he would be justified in concluding that:
a. many people who could benefit from mental health treatment don't receive it. b. some people lack awareness about psychological disorders or avoid seeking treatment for fear of being stigmatized. c. most people weather psychological symptoms without becoming completely debilitated or without needing professional intervention. d. all of these are legitimate conclusions. |
d. all of these are legitimate conclusions. |
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Even though Paula's friends have told her that her concerns are exaggerated, Paula continues to be extremely preoccupied with every “defect” in her physical appearance. Which of the following psychological disorders is Paula MOST likely to have?
a. gender identity disorder c. borderline personality disorder d. antisocial personality disorder |
b. body dysmorphic disorder |
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Although he has only been caught one time, Devin has repeatedly shoplifted small items that he could easily pay for or doesn't need. Which of the following psychological disorders is Devin most likely to have?
a. pyromania |
b. kleptomania |
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During the last year, Rebecca's ten-year-old son, Tyler, has developed several unusual symptoms. For no apparent reason, Tyler's head will suddenly jerk, his eyes will repeatedly blink, or he will repetitively shrug his shoulders. In the past two months, Tyler's symptoms have become more frequent and more intense. Additionally, Tyler's fourth grade teacher has complained that Tyler sometimes makes clicking and grunting sounds in class, which he doesn't seem to be able to control. Which of the following psychological disorders does Tyler most likely have?
a. autistic disorder b. Tourette's disorder d. kleptomania |
b. Tourette's disorder |
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When Kevin was a little boy, he insisted he was really a girl and often played with dolls with the girls in his neighborhood. When he became an adolescent, he shaved his legs and armpits. As a young adult, Kevin is in counseling in preparation for a sex-reassignment surgery. Which of the following psychological disorders does Kevin most likely have?
a. Tourette's disorder c. gender identity disorder d. hypochondriasis |
c. gender identity disorder |
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Actress Winona Ryder was convicted of felony grand theft for taking more than $5,000 worth of merchandise from a Beverly Hills Saks Fifth Avenue store. People who, like Winona Ryder, have uncontrollable impulses to steal objects even when they have money to pay for the items are said to have:
a. kleptomania. b. pyromania. c. hypochondriasis. d. Tourette's disorder. |
a. kleptomania. |
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Janet is convinced that she has one or more serious illnesses. She has a preoccupation with diseases and misinterprets her normal bodily symptoms or functions as serious health problems. Her doctors say she is perfectly healthy and that her various symptoms are probably due to her imagination. Which of the following psychological disorders does Janet most likely have?
a. narcolepsy c. gender identity disorder d. hypochondriasis |
d. hypochondriasis |
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An unpleasant emotional state that involves feelings of worry, dread, apprehension, and tension, along with heightened physical arousal, is called:
a. anxiety. b. mania. c. dissociation. d. alogia. |
a. anxiety. |
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Which of the following statements about anxiety is TRUE?
a. Anxiety is always abnormal. c. Anxiety can be adaptive, helpful, and beneficial when it alerts people to a realistic threat. |
c. Anxiety can be adaptive, helpful, and beneficial when it alerts people to a realistic threat. |
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In contrast to normal anxiety, pathological anxiety:
a. is unreasonably intense, irrational, uncontrollable, and disruptive. c. alerts people to realistic problems that need to be addressed or solved. |
a. is unreasonably intense, irrational, uncontrollable, and disruptive. |
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Which of the following examples reflects a symptom of an anxiety disorder rather than normal anxiety?
a. The night before his final exam, Bill is unable to sleep because he is worried about doing well on the test. b. For the past several weeks, Mavis has been unable to concentrate at work because she keeps thinking that something terrible might happen to her son at school, even though she knows that he's safe. c. Seth is upset because his girlfriend told him she wants to start dating other guys, and he is afraid that she will break up with him. d. Barbara has just found out that her company has been sold, and she is very worried that she might lose her job. |
b. For the past several weeks, Mavis has been unable to concentrate at work because she keeps thinking that something terrible might happen to her son at school, even though she knows that he's safe. |
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Normal anxiety is to _____ as pathological anxiety is to _____.
a. severe and global; mild and specific c. disruptive and uncontrollable; adaptive and irrational d. reasonable and infrequent; irrational and persistent |
d. reasonable and infrequent; irrational and persistent |
