Psych Ch 2

Front 1

A neurotransmitter is released from the terminal buttons into the

Back 1

Synaptic cleft / Cleft / Synaptic gap

Front 2

Dendrites are fingerlike projections from a neuron's soma that receive incoming ______ messages from other neurons

Back 2

Chemical

Front 3

What are the primary functions of hormones?

Back 3

Regulate growth, regulate functioning

Front 4

Mood and energy regulation are the function of what endocrine gland?

Back 4

Adrenal

Front 5

Define/Explain Cerebellum

Back 5

The part of the brain that controls bodily balance

Front 6

What are short segments of chromosomes composed of DNA?

Back 6

Genes

Front 7

Define/Explain Corpus Callosum

Back 7

Bridge of fibers that passes info between the 2 hemispheres

Front 8

What is the area of the brain responsible for understanding language?

Back 8

Wernicke's Area

Front 9

Which neurons receive information from sensory organs?

Back 9

Sensory AND Afferent neurons

Front 10

Define/Explain Cerebral Cortex

Back 10

The "new brain" responsible for the most complicated info processing in the brain. Contains four lobes.

Front 11

Vision is primarily processed in the ______ lobe

Back 11

Occipital

Front 12

What are the frontal lobes associated with?

Back 12

Control of voluntary movement

Front 13

Name 3 structures contained in the forebrain

Back 13

Thalamus, Limbic System, Cerebral Cortex

Front 14

A neurotransmitter is absorbed by sites located on the ______ ______ ______

Back 14

Post synaptic membrane

Front 15

Define behavioral genetics

Back 15

The study of the effects of heredity on behavior

Front 16

What is the effect of stimulating certain areas of the hypothalamus?

Back 16

Feelings of pleasure

Front 17

Name the 2 parts of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Back 17

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Front 18

What are 3 things chronic stress can cause?

Back 18

The release of cortisol, persistent ANS arousal, high levels of testosterone in the brain

Front 19

Define neuron

Back 19

Nerve cells, the basic elements of the nervous system

Front 20

A recessive gene will exhibit its trait only when both genes in a pair are ______

Back 20

Recessive

Front 21

Complex characteristics being determined by multiple genes is an example of ______ inheritance

Back 21

Polygenic / Polygenetic

Front 22

What are the 3 parts of the synapse?

Back 22

Axon terminal button, synaptic gap, dendrite

Front 23

Define spinal cord

Back 23

A bundle of neurons that leaves the brain and runs down the length of the back and is the main means of transmitting messages between the brain and the body

Front 24

The CNS is composed of what 2 parts?

Back 24

Brain & Spinal cord

Front 25

What part of the brain is specifically responsible for processing info about bodily functions?

Back 25

Somatosensory Cortex

Front 26

Motor neurons are also known as

Back 26

Efferent neurons

Front 27

Define Efferent (motor) neurons

Back 27

Neurons that communicate info from the nervous system to muscles and glands

Front 28

What is the brief wave of positive electrical charge that sweeps down the axon called?

Back 28

Action Potential

Front 29

What is the term for the process by which axons of healthy neurons adjacent to damaged neurons grow new branches to make up for the damage?

Back 29

Collateral sprouting

Front 30

If some neural pathways in the brain become damaged by a stroke, other neural pathways will sometimes be created to make up for the damage. This is an example of ______

Back 30

Plasticity

Front 31

______ results in the ability of the brain to change in response to experience

Back 31

Plasticity

Front 32

Define association areas

Back 32

One of the major regions of the Cerebral Cortex. The site of the higher mental processes, including thought, language, memory, and speech

Front 33

Define substitution of function

Back 33

The process in which the function of a damaged brain region is taken over by another region

Front 34

What is the process by which new neurons are generated?

Back 34

Neurogenesis

Front 35

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

Back 35

Coordinates voluntary movement

Front 36

The reticular formation and brain stem are part of what region of the brain?

Back 36

Midbrain

Front 37

What is the most evolved part of the brain?

Back 37

The forebrain