Psych 1300- Ch. 9

Front 1

Cognition

Back 1

consists of mental activities associated with sensation, perception, thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.

Front 2

Intelligence

Back 2

is the capacity to reason, solve problems, and acquire new knowledge

Front 3

Mental age

Back 3

refers to the level of ability typical of a child of the same chronological age.

Front 4

Normal distribution

Back 4

is an instance of frequency distribution in which scores are tracked on a bell-shaped curve with a concentration of data in the center.

Front 5

Aptitude

Back 5

is a person’s potential ability

Front 6

Achievement

Back 6

is a person’s knowledge and progress.

Front 7

General intelligence

Back 7

is a common factor that underlies certain mental abilities

Front 8

g factor

Back 8

refers to the entire skill set of general intelligence that encompasses a range of abilities.

Front 9

Fluid intelligence

Back 9

is the ability to process information and act accordingly

Front 10

Crystallized intelligence

Back 10

is mental ability derived from previous experience

Front 11

Central executive functioning

Back 11

is a set of mental processes that governs goals, strategies, and coordination of the mind’s activities

Front 12

Prodigy

Back 12

is a person of normal intelligence who has an extraordinary ability

Front 13

Savant syndrome

Back 13

is a rare disorder that occasionally accompanies autism in which a person of below-average intelligence has an extraordinary ability

Front 14

Analytic intelligence

Back 14

is a type of intelligence generally assessed by intelligence tests that present well-defined problems with only one correct answer.

Front 15

Creative intelligence

Back 15

is a type of intelligence characterized by the ability to adapt to new situations, come up with unique and unusual ideas, and think of novel solutions to problems

Front 16

Practical intelligence

Back 16

is the ability to find many solutions to complicated or poorly defined problems and use those solutions in practical, everyday situations.

Front 17

Social intelligence

Back 17

is the ability to negotiate new social environments

Front 18

Emotional intelligence

Back 18

is a person’s ability to perceive, understand, manage, and utilize his or her emotions

Front 19

Plasticity

Back 19

describes a flexible ability to grow and change

Front 20

Perceptual speed

Back 20

is the time it takes a person to perceive and compare stimuli.

Front 21

Concept

Back 21

is a mental grouping of similar objects, events, and people

Front 22

Hierarchy

Back 22

is a leveled or ranked organization of concept categories based on particular features

Front 23

Prototype

Back 23

is a mental image or typical example that exhibits all the features associated with a concept

Front 24

Family resemblance theory

Back 24

suggests that people put items in categories together if they share certain characteristics, even if not every member of the category has similar features.

Front 25

Exemplar theory

Back 25

claims that people make category judgments by comparing new things they encounter with examples of other things they remember that fit into that category

Front 26

Problem solving

Back 26

is the act of combining current information with information stored in memory to find a solution to a task

Front 27

Initial state

Back 27

is a problem-solving state in which a person has incomplete or unsatisfactory information.