Psych Ch. 9 Vocabulary

Front 1

a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event

Back 1

Flashbuld memory

Front 2

the processing of information into the memory system

Back 2

encoding

Front 3

the retention of encoded information over time

Back 3

Storage

Front 4

the process of getting informatino out of memory

Back 4

retrieval

Front 5

the immediate very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system

Back 5

sensory memory

Front 6

activated memory that holds a few items briefly such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing before the information is stored or forgotten

Back 6

Short term memory

Front 7

the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge skills and experiences

Back 7

Long-term memory

Front 8

a newer understanding of short term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual spatial information and of information retrieved from long term memory

Back 8

Working Memory

Front 9

unconcious encoding of incidental information such as space time and frequency and of well learned information such as word meanings

Back 9

automatic processing

Front 10

encoding that requires attention and conscious effort

Back 10

effortful processing

Front 11

the conscious repetition of information either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage

Back 11

rehearsal

Front 12

the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice

Back 12

spacing effect

Front 13

our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list

Back 13

Serial position effect

Front 14

the encoding of pictures images

Back 14

visual encoding

Front 15

the encoding of sound especially the sound of words

Back 15

acoustic encoding

Front 16

the encoding of meaning including the meaning of words

Back 16

Semantic encoding

Front 17

mental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing especially when combined with semantic encoding

Back 17

imagery

Front 18

memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices

Back 18

mnemonics

Front 19

organizing items into familiar manageable units; often occurs automatically

Back 19

Chunking

Front 20

a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second

Back 20

Iconic memory

Front 21

a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds

Back 21

echoic memory

Front 22

an increase in a synapse's firing potential after a brief rapid stimulation believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory

Back 22

long term potentiation

Front 23

the loss of memory

Back 23

amnesia

Front 24

retention independent of concious recollection

Back 24

implicit memory

Front 25

memory of facts and experiences that one can conciously know and declare

Back 25

explicit memory

Front 26

a neural center that is located in the limbic system and helps process explicit memories for storage

Back 26

Hippocampus

Front 27

a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier as on a fill in the blank test

Back 27

recall

Front 28

a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple choice test

Back 28

Recognition

Front 29

a memory measures that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time

Back 29

relearning

Front 30

the activation, often unconciously of particular associationsin memory.

Back 30

Priming

Front 31

the eerie sense that "ive experienced this before" cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier experience

Back 31

Deja Vu

Front 32

the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood

Back 32

Mood congruent memory

Front 33

the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information

Back 33

Proactive Interference

Front 34

The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information

Back 34

retroactive interference

Front 35

in psychoanalytic theory the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety arousing thoughts feelings and memories

Back 35

Repression

Front 36

attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about or imagined

Back 36

source amnesia