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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. In what field of mental health does Dr. Livingston suggest that the theories of Sigmund Freud are alive and well?
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a. Fields of psychiatry(medical doctor)
b. Medical treatment of mental health |
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2. How many questions are on the MMPI 2?
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a. 567 T/F questions
b. wants lots of variation in the answers of the people |
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3. Who developed a theory of archetypes?
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a. Carl Jung!!
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5. One significant problem with the Rorschach ink-blot test is what?
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a. Problem is if you have the person who is interpreting, what is the psychologist doing? Interpreting them as well. How do we know that the psychologist interpretation is right? Livingstone isn’t into these. Too many interpretations. Doctors aren’t infallible. Based on projective hypothesis. What if the therapist is thinking something else? THERAPIST CAN SEE WHAT THEY WANT TO SEE!!
b. How do you know what’s right or wrong? How do you know what was the crazy answer compared to the “normal” answer? c. As doctor, understand you could be WRONG. Important to have scientific thinking about weather you’re incorrect on this. d. Can make patient think they have something? People with no clinical diagnosis are frequently identified as having disorders e. No minimum to what the patient can say. A person who makes many responses is likely to be identified as “disturbed” as an unlimited number are still allowed. f. Overpathologizes. g. James Exner developed the most widely used standard system for interpreting this test. Exner system scales does not address all problems with the test. h. The information provided by the Rorschach can be found in other, more trustworthy ways. i. If person is psychotic, person can be ID’d through Rorschach |
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6. Freud’s five stages of psycho-sexual development in order are what?
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a. Oral, anal, phallic (Oedipus conflict), latency, and genital stages.
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7. The most widely used personality test in current use is what? (real personality test)
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• Most common is the MMPI 2
• Valid, reliable • Tons of research behind it |
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8. The big five personality traits are what?
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a. conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness to experience, and extraversion
b. OCEAN c. Tells us what normal people look like? Based on opposites |
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9. According to Freud, psycho-sexual energy, which influences and develops out of personality is known as what?
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a. Libido
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10. Who developed a hierarchy of motivating needs, calumniating and meeting ones full potential?
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a. Maslow
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11. Ask about super ego, Id, or ego. Possibly 2 questions
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a. id: contains the drives present at birth; the source of our bodily needs, wants, desires, and impulses, particularly our sexual and aggressive drives. Part of personality that wants us to satisfy out urges? Does not operate in reality. Unconscious process.
b. lego: developed through contact with the external world that enables us to deal with life’s practical demands. Operates in reality. Use to control the ID. Operates in getting needs met through realistic means. Tries to balance the id and superego!! c. superego: the mental system that reflects the internalization of cultural rules, mainly learned as parents exercise their authority. Also operates in the unconscious. Rules/religious constraints/parents that would say no you can’t do this. Borth superego and ID try to manifest their difference. They will punish us for things we do. Super ego punishes for ID impulse. ID will do the same things |
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Freudian defense mechanisms
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(these are):
rationalization, reaction formation, projection, regression, displacement, identification, and sublimation |
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4. What did Freud suggest excessive that anxiety might be due to?
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Lack of sexual gratification
Masturbation Traumatic sexual experiences from early childhood |
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12. A state of reaching one’s full potential, according to Carl Rogers, is known as what?
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self actualization
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The most important criteria for diagnosing bi-polar disorder is what?
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a. Manic episodes (persistent high mood)11
presence or absence ( bi-polar 1) manic (specific period went they hyper-self-esteem and read a novel in three days, lots of ideas, grandiosity in thinking, I am the best in the world), 5-7 days, decreased need for sleep. impulsive spenders, then two weeks of heavy depression moods or (2) hypo-manic phases, shorter duration, less severe, still elevated in mood. |
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A useful treatment for seasonal affective disorder is?
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lots of natural light
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The two symptoms involved in diagnosing substance dependence are?
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tolerance – needing to have more to get drunk
withdrawal – seriously physiological symptoms – shaking, sick .08 = 8% of alcohol in blood, .2 = 20% of blood is alcohol rate of consumption also depends on drunkenness |
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4) Which type of schizophrenia may be associated with rigid inactivity?
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catatonic schizophrenia type – odd rigid position
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5) What is the most salient (important, prominent) feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
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ability to control the worry (inability?)
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6) When is anxiety considered pathological?
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when it becomes disruptive, when anxiety causes you not to leave your home, when OCD patient washes hands 100/200 times a day
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7) What percent of the population are experiencing a phobia at any given time?
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5-6% at any one time have a specific phobias
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8) An obsession is defined as______ while a compulsion is defined as _____?
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Obsession: intrusive, unwanted thoughts
Compulsion: ritualistic, non-specific behaviors which make thoughts go away |
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9) A big difference between Type 1 alcoholism and Type 2 alcoholism is?
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Type 1 = alcoholism, early adulthood, rapid intoxication, equal among genders, hit rehab in mid-20s.
Type 2 = more likely affects males, lifetime, drank alcohol their whole lives, keeping alcohol in system at all times Substance abuse = legal problems, not dependent, Substance dependence = addicted to it, tolerance – needing to have more to get drunk withdrawal – seriously physiological symptoms – shaking, sick |
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10) Which of the following is a sex difference between men and women with depression? (what are gender differences between men and women with regards to depression, experience of, enjoyment of, treatment of …)
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women – ruminate (cows will eat something and they spit it back up and chew on cud) – chewing on your own troubles, twice as many women have depression as men
men – distract themselves from rates of depression about the same for children between genders, then adolescent it increases to 3x girls/ compared to boys, 2x women/compared to men |
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11) What are the three main aspects of depression mentioned in class?
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1 global (Dr. L and PP)
2 personal (affects all areas of their life) (internal=PP) 3 pervasive (ongoing) (stable=PP) |
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12) Which of the following is not a person who is more likely to attempt suicide?
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risks include: talking about suicide, mood swings, failed love interest, family history, reckless or risky behavior, decline in performance, withdrawal, trapped feelings, giving away possessions, and/or increased substance abuse.
women to attempt, men more likely to be successful. Women will cut/pill, overdose. Men use guns/means that are lethal. |
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13) Which of the following is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
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positive = something there that shouldn’t be (hears voices, visual hallucination, altered thought process=grandiosity/persecution/, disorganized behavior that shouldn’t be there)
negative = something that isn’t there that should be, altered or blunted/flattened emotion, lack of hygiene |
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27. Definition of comorbitity
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a. Co-occurance of 2+ disorders in one individual
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28. What is dr. livingstone’s acronym for helping people change in therapy?
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a. MOTIVATION AWARENESS PRACTICE→ MAP!
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29. How many stages of psycho-dynamic therapy are there?
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a. 4 stages! Exploration, Interpretation, integration, working through
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30. Which form of therapy espouses an “ABC” model?
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a. REBT Ration Emotive Behavior Therapist
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31. At least two questions about confidentiality (patient confidentiality)
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a. If I know child or elderly abuse going on, I HAVE to report that. State might get involved. Judgment call goes into that.
b. Don’t want to lie to people. Stay ethical c. Do we use medications to block memories? |
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32. Which of the following is not something a community psychologist would focus on?
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a. Work on groups of people. Preventing community problems, not individual patients
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33. Which type of therapy does not interpret the clients thoughts, feelings, or provide advice?
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a. Person-centered therapy
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34. Which of the following is not true about insanity?
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a. Legal term, not psychological. Don’t define someone as that. Based on old 19th century law. Archaic. Psychosis not the same as insanity.
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35. In order to commit a mentally ill person to an institution involuntarily, what in generally needed?
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a. Some states you cannot commit involuntarily.
b. Opinion by metal health person and court action |
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36. What is the file drawer effect?
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a. Research that’s not effective doesn’t get published
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37. Because of deinstitutionalization, where are many former mental hospital patients?
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a. Many ended up homeless, many ended up dead, many ended up using drugs
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38. Which psychotherapy appears to be the most effective?
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a. There is not one that has proven to be more effective
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39. Feigning medical or psychological symptoms to achieve something that a person wants is known as what?
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malingering
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40. According to the college undergraduate stress scale, what is more stressful?
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a. Look at slide! Know in general quadrants
b. Know peer pressure isn’t that big a deal, etc |
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41. Which of the following is not an effective way to deal with stress?
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a. AVOIDING
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42. A pressure either specific or chronic that threatens a person’s well-being is known as what?
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a. stressors
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43. A major issue underlying stress is what?
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a. Perceived loss of control- tends to be related to a lot of stress
b. Person feels like they can make a change? Be proactive? |
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44. The use of an external monitoring device to obtain information about a bodily function and possibly gain control of that function in known as what?
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a. Biofeedback
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45. Stress activates a response through what means?
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a. HPA axis
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46. Primary appraisal is ______ while secondary appraisal is ________
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Primary appraisal is the interpretation of a stimulus as stressful or not.
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47. What are the 3 phases of stress response?
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a. Phase 1- alarm reaction (mobilize resources)
b. Phase 2- resistance (cope with stressor) c. Phase 3 – exhaustion (reserve depleted) |
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48. Reciprocal altruism and tracking who we should cooperate with is also known as what?
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prisoner’s dilemma
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49. Which of the following is a reason for bystander helpfulness or apathy?
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a. Not many people (no diffusion of responsibility)
b. Probably someone more qualified who can help more than me c. Pluralistic ignorance d. People assume others have better informed and different opinion e. People will stop to help women more than man f. If distress is obvious |
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50. Who is associated with moral reasoning and moral development?
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a. Lawrence Kohlberg
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51. One of the most common causes of murder is what?
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sexual jealousy
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52. Under what conditions is “groupthink” more likely?
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a. Idea where people will make decision if its bad just because everyone is. Likely in COHESIVE groups.(?)
b. Group members suppress doubts about an issue for fear of being ostracized. Groupthink can emerge in a group regardless of the level of cohesion. Group members suppress doubts about an issue or decision for fear of being ostracized. Sometimes dominant members will silence dissenters; sometimes dissenters fail to speak up at all. |
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53. Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment
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a. Philip Zimbardo
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54. Who argued that moral development models may discriminate against women, and proposed an alternative model to account for this?
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a. Carol Gilligan
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55. Which of the following is not a way that we choose our friends (as noted in lecture)
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(how we do choose our friends)
a. Proximity (live near us, familiar) b. Mere exposure (we see person a lot) c. Similarity (attitude, interest, background) d. Confirm our self concept and self esteem e. According to exchange or equity theories we seek people with whom we feel we can make equitable transactions of goods and services. |
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56. Unintentionally discriminating against some groups while expressing the belief that all people are the same is known as what?
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a. Aversive racism
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57. Know strategies of persuasion, couple questions will ask to ID strategies
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a. Foot in door technique- strategy uses a person’s desire for consistency to influence that person’s behaviors. Start with something small, get person to appeal to that. If you agree with a few things you’re likely to agree with many other things.
b. Cognitive Dissonance- an unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her actions, attitudes, or beliefs. People can maintain a cognitive dissonance with belief they have a choice. c. Door in the face technique- outrageous initial request is followed by a more reasonable one d. Bait and switch technique favorable deal is followed by additional demands and commitment systematic persuasion: a change in attitudes of beliefs that is brought about by appeals to reason. heuristic persuasion: a change in attitudes or beliefs that is brought about by appeals to habit or emotion. |
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strategies of persuasion
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A modest request is followed by a larger one - the foot-in-the-door technique.
An outrageous initial request is followed by a more reasonable one - the door-in-the-face technique. A very favorable deal is followed by additional demands after a commitment has been made - the bait-and-switch technique. The offer is improved before any reply is given - the that’s-not-all technique. |
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58. What is the fundamental, attribution error?
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a. the tendency to make a dispositional attribution even when a person’s behavior was caused by the situation.
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59. What’s the difference between the central route to persuasion, and the peripheral route to persuasion?
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a. Central route- making serious decision to make, incest time and effort in evaluating the evidence and logic behind message
b. Peripheral- spend very little time on actual message, pay attention to superficial features. Appearance or amount of evidence (instead of quality) |
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central route to persuasion.
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When making serious decisions, people invest time and effort in evaluating the evidence and logic behind the message.
This is the central route to persuasion. |
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peripheral route to persuasion
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When evaluating a message on a topic or decision of relatively little importance, people pay more attention to relatively superficial aspects such as the speaker’s appearance or the amount of evidence (instead of its quality.)
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60. When might we see the opposite of the actor observer effect?
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a. When an individual is depressed. Blame themselves.
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