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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychology
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-scientific study of the causes of behavior
-'psukhe' breath or soul and 'logos' word or reason (greek) -'science of the mind and behavior' |
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Why is behavior studied?
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-to understand human behavior
-to explain why people do what they do -there is nothing more interesting to us than ourselves |
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Fields of psychology
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-scientists: research, basic mechanisms
-practitioners: clinical, applied |
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Physiological
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what events happen in the brain when people play games?
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Comparative
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do animals other than people play games?
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Cognitive Psych
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what types of strategies do people use when playing games?
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Cognitive Neuroscience
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what brain injuries interfere with game playing?
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Developmental
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how does play change across the lifespan?
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Social
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what kinds of cues affect the types of games that people will play with each other?
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Personality
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are there certain types of people who are more or less likely to play games?
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Cross-cultural
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do people raised in different cultures play similar games?
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Clinical
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what effects does play have upon our mental health?
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clinical psychologist
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therapist w/ Ph.D.
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How is psychology used in new ways to deal w/ societal issues?
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-law enforcement: constructing facial drawings from eyewitness reports
-rehabilitative medicine: design of artificial limbs for amputees |
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Philosophy
Rene Descartes (1596-1650) |
-Rationalism: pursuit of truth through reason
-Dualism: the world is all mind and matter -father of modern philosophy -first to debunk the idea of animism (spirit drives humans, animals, objects) -defined 'reflex', father of physiological psych...hydraulic model of muscle physiology (italian gardens) |
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Biological roots of psych
Johannes Muller (1801-1858) |
-doctrine of specific nerve energies: different nerve fibers carry specific infer to the brain and back (biology shaping the emergence of psychology)
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Philosophical roots
John Locke (1632-1704) |
-Empiricism: pursuit of truth through observation and experience
-Monist who expanded Descartes theory -infant mind is a tabula rasa |
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Philosophy
James Mill (1773-1836) |
-Materialism: reality can only be known through the understanding of the physical world, including the mind
-Materialist, Mind as Machine |
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Biological roots
Pierre Flourens (1774-1867) |
experimental ablation...lesion and see what happens!
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Biological roots
Paul Broca (1824-1880) |
localization of speech production...lesions from strokes!
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Evolutionary
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seeks to explain cognitive, social and personality aspects of psychology by looking at their adaptive significance during evolution of modern species. Natural selection is used as a guide for these psychologists
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clinical neuropsychologist
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what behavioral consequences result from a disease or trauma, and how can they be remedied? (hospitals)
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health psychologist
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what behavior and lifestyle choices maintain health and prevent illness? (hospitals, gov agencies)
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structuralism
Wilhelm Wundt (father of psychology) (1832- 1920) |
structure of mind, science of immediate experience
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Infant mind is a tabula rasa
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blank slate
John Locke |
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functionalism
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focus on components of consciousness and process of conscious activity
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