Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
3 common features of personality
|
1) uniqueness of individual
2) uniformity of behaviour 3) content and processes (consists of something that influences behaviour) |
|
|
Define Theory
|
a systematic collection of explanations that are used to account for a set of observations and predict future observations.
|
|
|
Define Hypothesis
|
a statement made about the relationship between at least two variables in a manner consistent with a particular theory
|
|
|
Define parsimony
|
the simpler the theory, the more adequate it is
|
|
|
What are the aspects of a good theory?
|
internally consistent, comprehensive, simple, and useful
|
|
|
Define psychotherapy
|
the process of treating maladaptive tendencies using principles of psychology
|
|
|
Explain a case study
|
a detailed investigations and description of an individual's case history and current status
|
|
|
Explain an individual interview
|
a one-on-one verbal exchange for the purpose of obtaining important information about the interviewee
|
|
|
Explain Rapport
|
the positive, warm relationship established between the interview participants
|
|
|
Explain Nonverbal Behaviour
|
postures, gestures, facial expressions, etc
|
|
|
Define a Scatter Plot
|
a graph summarizing the scores obtained by many individuals on two different variables
|
|
|
Explain a Positive Correlational Relationship
|
the general pattern shows that as the scores on one variable increase, the scores on the other variable also increase... slopes upwards
|
|
|
Explain a Negative Correlational Relationship
|
the general pattern shows that as the scores on one variable increase, the scores on the other variable decrease... slopes downwards
|
|
|
Explain the Correlational Coefficient
|
the strength of association between two variables.
ranges from +1.00 to 0.00 to -1.00 the closer to +1.00 or -1.00, the stronger the association, the closer to zero, the weaker the association. |
|
|
Explain the third-variable problem
|
the observed relationship between two variables is actually produced by their relationship with another unobserved, or third, variable
|
|
|
Define Independent Variable
|
the factor that causes the change in the second variable
|
|
|
Define Dependent Variable
|
the behaviour affected by the independent variable and being observed
|
|
|
Define Experimental Control
|
the extent to which researchers control for the possibility that other explanations may account for the results observed
|
|
|
Explain Random Assignment
|
a procedure designed to help control for biases in selection. All research participants have an equal chance of being exposed to the different levels of the independent variable
|
|
|
Ways to maximize experimental control
|
random assignment of participants, standardizing procedures, use of a control group
|
