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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three main factors in psychopathy? What's a possible fourth factor? |
Arrogant, deceitful interpersonal style Deficient affective experience Impulsive/irresponsible behavioural style Antisocial behaviour |
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Psychopathy is not recognized by the DSM-V, what is instead? What are the two approaches the DSM V criteria uses for antisocial personality disorder? |
Antisocial personality disorder Categorical; dimensional |
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What is the categorical approach for psychopathy defined as under the DSM V? Since what age must behaviours be present? How old must the person be? Evidence of conduct disorder with onset before what age? What are three of the seven factors that must be evident since 15 y/o? |
Pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others ^ Since 15 y/o; person is at least 18 y/o; 15 y/o |
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What is the dimensional approach for psychopathy defined under the DSM V? What six of seven pathological personality traits must be present? How old must they be? What psychopathic features may be present? |
Impairment in personality functioning in 2(+) of: Identity; self direction; empathy; intimacy Manipulativeness, callousness, deceitfulness, hostility (antagonism); impulsitivity, irresponsibility, risk taking (disinhibition) 18(+) y/o Lack of anxiety/fear; bold interpersonal style that masks maladaptive behaviour Low levels of anxiousness and withdrawal; high levels of attention seeking |
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What are the two ways to identify psychopathy? |
Retrospective data - adults w/psychopathy usually show early onset of severe and enduring dysfunction Prospective data - Severely antisocial kids are more likely to receive an adult diagnosis of psychopathy |
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How does conduct disorder and ADHD and CU relate to each other? |
High ADHD is linked with higher thrill and adventure seeking. High ADHD and CU (callous-unemotional traits) is linked with very high thrill and adventure seeking, as well as higher reward dominant task playing |
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What two measures have been created to measure psychopathy What are the two ways these measures are valid |
Child psychopathy scale Youth psychopathic traits inventory Scores predict antisocial and violent behaviour as well as correlate with scores on adult psychopathy measures |
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What are two concerns in labeling a child a psychopath/showing psychopathic-like traits? Why would you bother labeling them? |
Not enough research on the stability of these traits in childhood/adolescence Are these traits distinct from normal behaviours in kids? Earlier identification could possibly lead to better/earlier treatment? |
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What are three possible causes of psychopathic-like traits? |
Genetics Neurological differences Environmental/family factors Interaction between genetics & environmental factors (epigenetics?) |
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Explain how genetics could cause psychopathic-like traits What are three neurological differences that could cause psychopathic-like traits? What are four environmental/family factors that could cause psychopathic-like traits? |
Twin studies show high genetic component to antisocial behaviour + high CU traits in kids Reduced levels of arousal Amygdala Frontal cortex Early abuse/neglect Separation from parents Poor parental supervision/discipline Inconsistent parenting |
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Adults are more resistant to treatment for psychopathy than children, but children with high ___________ have poor treatment outcomes What are two prevention and treatment methods? |
CU (callous-unemotional traits) "Mental models" program - positive emotions/planning for future/goals Parent training interventions - positive reinforcement/warmth/parent-child eye contact |
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Social media is a web-based service that allows the user to do what three things? |
Make a public/semi-public profile with information about themself Have a list of other people who share a connection View their list of connections and those made by others within the system |
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What are four issues in studying social media? |
Moving target (2006 FB vs now for ex)
Studies are done online (unrepresentative?) Research uses older adolescents (uni students) New field |
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What are five reasons to use social media? |
Extend friendships (communication/support) Explore interests Gain visibility/recognition Gain freedom/autonomy Establish identity |
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What are the two ways social media affects identity development? |
Self identity - gives opportunity for self-discloure (feedback [likes/comments]/compare it with others/shaped with best foot forward) Group identity - affiliate with like-minded people |
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Social capital refers to the resources available as a result of relationships and social networks ---- what are the three hypothesis on how social media may influence social capital? |
Stimulation hypothesis - online relationships lead to closer/higher quality friendships as social capital is maintained Rich-get-richer hypothesis - benefits exist for highly social adolescents Social compensation hypothesis - adolescents uncomfortable interacting face-face benefit |
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How can privacy affect adolescents using social media? |
Adolescents have impaired decision making in presence of peers as well as difficulty in future-orientated thinking = make stupid post that leads to issues down the road |
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How can social media have a positive or negative psychological impact? |
Positive - Social media use associated w/higher self-esteem Negative - 2(+) hours/day = poorer mental health |
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What does Facebook depression refer to? Is it an accurate theory? |
Facebook envy - seeing people and feel inferior as they're having more fun/more friends/etc = higher score on depression scale Nope |
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The impact of social media is filled with highly mixed findings, what five factors may matter though? |
Type of use (active [better psychological functioning]/passive) Type of social media Size of social media network (# of friends) Positive/negative feedback to disclosures Social skills |
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What did the Sherman et al. find? What was found in regard to brain activity? |
Pictures that already have lots of likes, are pictures we end up liking -- even when counter balanced More activation in areas related to the socioemotional system when images had lots of likes |
