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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What caused the population to double in the high middle ages?
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New agriculture
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The food produstion increase led to what three things?
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Peace/stability, climate changes, technological changes
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As feudalism was on its downfall, what new middle class developed?
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guilds, educates traines individuals
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Guilds led to the rise of...
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Universities
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Were women allowed to attend universities?
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No
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What kind of jobs did universities create?
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teachers, administrators, lawyers, medical doctors
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What is vernacular literature?
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the everyday language of a region (that is not Latin)
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What are some examples of vernacular literature?
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Troubador Poetry (Knights love for a lady, Chason de gestse (song of Roland, heriocs epics)
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What two types of cathedrals were popular in the high middle ages?
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Romanesque (no windows) & Gothic (stained glass windows)
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List 5 effects of the Black Death.
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Effect on population, loss of labor, economic/socal changes, pogroms, revolts
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What 2 countries fought in the Hundred Year's War?
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England and France
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When was the Hundred Year's War?
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14th century
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Who won the Hundred Year's War?
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France. England lost all lands on the continent.
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List the five Italian States
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Milan, Venice, Florence, Papal States, Naples
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What type of government did Venice, Milan, And Florence have?
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They were republics in name, but all had some kind of authoritarian leaders/families
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Who controlled Venice?
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A merchant Oligarchy
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Why was Venice an international power?
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trade
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What family dominates Milan?
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The Sforza Family, a banking family
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Who had authority in Florence?
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councils of state
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Where was the Kingdom of Naples?
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Nearly all of southern Italy
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When and to whom did the Kingdom of Naples pass to?
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1435, became kingdom of Eragon (Spain)
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Who ruled the Papal states of Italy?
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The Pope
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Name 2 "Mafia" like Popes
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Pope Alexander VI and Pope Julius II
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Why was Julius II significant? (Name 3 things)
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He was known as the "Warrior Pope", secured Papal states, and built the Sistine Chapel.
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In order, what are the steps of the development of modern states?
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1) Centralization
2) Abuse of Power 3) Intellectual/Social Changes 4) Revolution/Protest 5) Democratization with education 6) Expansion of democracy and reform |
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What were the new monarchs and who were their leaders?
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France: Louis XI
England: Henry VII Spain: Ferdinand and Isabella |
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What french king began the recovery of france after the HYW?
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Charles VII
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How did Charles VII recover france from the HYW?
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increased influence on middle class, taxation, 1st permanent royal army, Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges 1438
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What was the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges 1438?
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It said the French crown ruled over the Church
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What French king brought about more unification an gained territory in Burgundy?
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King Louis XI
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Who competed for power in france?
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Capetian monarch vs. Valios family
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Who challenged the weak monarch?
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Estates general
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Under which king was the Magna Carta signed?
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King John
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What did the Magna Carta do?
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Said the Church was free to choose own officials, taxes must have consent of the taxed, common laws
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What king created English parliament?
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Edward I
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What are the two houses of Parliament?
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House of Commons & House of Lords
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What was the War of the Roses?
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Lancaster vs. New York
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Henry VII started what dynasty?
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The Tudor Dynasty
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Instead of relying on an army or bureacracy, England relied on...
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local officials
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Who instituted the revival of the Spanish Inquisition?
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Ferdinand and Isabella
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What religion was expelled from Spain in 1492?
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Jews
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What are the four Ninja Turtles?
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Donatello, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, MIchelangelo
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Who: David?
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Donatello
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Who: The Last Supper
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da Vinci
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Who: The School of Athens
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Raphael
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Who: Sistine Chapel
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Michelangelo
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Who: David (the second one)
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Michelangelo2
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Who: The Birth of Venus
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Botticelli
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Humanism
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Study of greco-roman classics
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Individualism
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each person is valuable to society
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Secularism
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concern with material world, not spiritual, attn on present, not against Catholic Church
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How were paintings different in the Renaissance?
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more secular, linear perspective, oil paints, chiaroscurro
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How was sculpture different in the Renaissance?
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copies of classical models, free standing, individualism
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What was the Northern Renaissance like?
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secular themes, more literature than visual
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Who: The Arnolfini Wedding Portrait
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Jan van Eyck
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Who: The Peasant Dance
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Peter Bruegal
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List the leaders of France in order.
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Charles VII, Louis XI
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List the leaders of England in order.
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Henry II, King John, Edward I, Edward IV, Henry VII
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List the leaders of Spain in order.
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Ferdinand and Isabella, Phillip II
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Who becomes HRE in 1519?
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Charles I (or V)
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What region did Phillip II conquer?
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Portugal
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Significance of Henry II
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tried to claim authority over the Church
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Significance of Edward IV
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began policy of monarch living on its own financial resources
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What did the Royal Council do?
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govern at national level
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Who was included in the House of Lords?
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Bishops, nobles, king's officials
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Who was included in the House of Commons?
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knights and residents
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What was the star chamber?
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court to prevent aristocratic interference in justice and to combat fur-collar crime
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What was Ferdinand and Isabella's policy?
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strong royal authority
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