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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An experiment may have:
A. Only one result B. Only two results C. Two or more results D. None of the above |
C. Two or more results
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Which approach to probability is exemplified by the following formula?
Probability of an Event = (Number of times event occurred in the past) / (Total number of observations) A. Classical approach B. Empirical approach C. Subjective approach D. None of the above |
B: Empirical approach
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What does the complement rule state?
A. P(A) = P(A) – P(B) B. P(A) = 1 – P(not A) C. P(A) = P(A)· P(B) D. P(A) = P(A)X + P(B) |
B. P(A) = 1 – P(not A)
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If two events are independent, then their joint probability is:
A. computed with the special rule of addition B. computed with the special rule of multiplication C. computed with the general rule of multiplication D. computed with Bayes theorem |
B. computed with the special rule of multiplication
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When an event's probability depends on the likelihood of another event, the probability is a
A. conditional probability. B. empirical probability. C. joint probability. D. Mutually exclusive probability |
A. conditional probability.
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The result of a particular experiment is called a(n)
A. observation. B. conditional probability. C. event. D. outcome. |
D. outcome.
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Giorgio offers the person who purchases an 8 ounce bottle of Allure two free gifts, either an umbrella, a 1
ounce bottle of Midnight, a feminine shaving kit, a raincoat or a pair of rain boots. If you purchased Allure what is the probability you selected at random an umbrella and a shaving kit in that order? A. 0.00 B. 1.00 C. 0.05 D. 0.20 |
C. 0.05
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Probabilities are important information when
A. using inferential statistics. B. applying descriptive statistics. C. predicting a future outcome. D. A and B E. A and C |
B. applying descriptive statistics.
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Three defective electric toothbrushes were accidentally shipped to a drugstore by the manufacturer along with 17 non-defective ones. What is the probability that the first two electric toothbrushes sold will be returned to the drugstore because they are defective?
A. 3/20 or 0.15 B. 3/17 or 0.176 C. 1/4 or 0.25 D. 3/190 or 0.01579 |
D. 3/190 or 0.01579
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The National Center for Health Statistics reported that of every 883 deaths in recent years, 24 resulted from an automobile accident, 182 from cancer and 333 from heart disease. Using the relative frequency approach, what is the probability that a particular death is due to an automobile accident?
A. 24/883 or 0.027 B. 539/883 or 0.610 C. 24/333 or 0.072 D. 182/883 or 0.206 |
A. 24/883 or 0.027
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Routine physical examinations are conducted annually as part of a health service program for the
employees. It was discovered that 8% of the employees needed corrective shoes, 15% needed major dental work and 3% needed both corrective shoes and major dental work. What is the probability that an employee selected at random will need either corrective shoes or major dental work? A. 0.20 B. 0.25 C. 0.50 D. 1.00 E. None of the above |
A. 0.20
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A study by the National Park Service revealed that 50% of the vacationers going to the Rocky Mountain
region visit Yellowstone Park, 40% visit the Grand Tetons and 35% visit both. What is the probability that a vacationer will visit at least one of these magnificent attractions? A. 0.95 B. 0.35 C. 0.55 D. 0.05 |
C. 0.55
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The numbers 0 through 9 are to be used in code groups of four to identify an item of clothing. Code 1083 might identify a blue blouse, size medium. The code group 2031 might identify a pair of pants, size 18, and so on. Repetitions of numbers are not permitted, i.e., the same number cannot be used more than once in a total sequence. As examples, 2256, 2562 or 5559 would not be permitted. How many different code groups can be
designed? A. 5,040 B. 620 C. 10,200 D. 120 |
A. 5,040
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A lamp manufacturer has developed five lamp bases and four lampshades that could be used together. How many different arrangements of base and shade can be offered?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20 |
D.20
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There are 10 rolls of film in a box and 3 are defective. Two rolls are to be selected without replacement. What is the probability of selecting a defective roll followed by another defective roll?
A. 1/2, or 0.50 B. 1/4, or 0.25 C. 1/120, or about 0.0083 D. 1/15, or about 0.07 |
D. 1/15, or about 0.07
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The first card selected from a standard 52-card deck was a king. If it is returned to the deck, what is the
probability that a king will be drawn on the second selection? A. 1/4 or 0.25 B. 1/13, or 0.077 C. 12/13, or 0.923 D. 1/3 or 0.33 |
B. 1/13, or 0.077
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A tire manufacturer advertises, "the median life of our new all-season radial tire is 50,000 miles. An
immediate adjustment will be made on any tire that does not last 50,000 miles." You purchased four of these tires. What is the probability that all four tires will wear out before traveling 50,000 miles? A. 1/10, or 0.10 B. ¼, or 0.25 C. 1/64, or 0.0156 D. 1/16, or 0.0625 |
D. 1/16, or 0.0625
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If two events A and B are mutually exclusive, what does the special rule of addition state?
A. P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) B. P(A and B) = P(A) + P(B) C. P(A and/or B) = P(A) + P(B) D. P(A or B) = P(A) – P(B) |
A. P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
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A builder has agreed not to erect all "look alike" homes in a new subdivision. Five exterior designs are
offered to potential home buyers. The builder has standardized three interior plans that can be incorporated in any of the five exteriors. How many different ways can the exterior and interior plans be offered to potential home buyers? A. 8 B. 10 C. 15 D. 30 |
C. 15
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The first card selected from a standard 52-card deck was a king. If it is NOT returned to the deck, what is
the probability that a king will be drawn on the second selection? A. 1/3 or 0.33 B. 1/51, or 0.0196 C. 3/51, or 0.0588 D. 1/13 or 0.077 |
B. 1/51, or 0.0196
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A graphical method useful in calculating joint and conditional probability is
A. a tree diagram. B. a Venn diagram. C. a histogram. D. inferential statistics. |
A. a tree diagram.
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To apply the special rule of addition, what must be true about the events?
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mutually exclusive
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What is a probability that is based on someone's opinion, guess or hunch called?
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subjective
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A company has warehouses in four regions: South, Midwest, Rocky Mountain and Far West. The company will randomly select one warehouse to store a seldom-used item. What is the probability that the warehouse selected will be in the Far West region?
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4/4 or 0.25
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If a set of events are collectively exhaustive and mutually exclusive, what does the sum of the probabilities
equal? |
1
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What is a collection of one or more basic outcomes called?
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event
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A collection of one or more possible outcomes of an experiment is called an
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event
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If there are five vacant parking places and five automobiles arrive at the same time, in how many different ways they can park?
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120
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What are two events called when the occurrence of one event does not affect the occurrence of the other
event? |
independent
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What is a particular result of an experiment called?
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outcome
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Complete the following analogy: an experiment relates to the roll of a die, as an outcome relates to?
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Any one value between 1 and 6
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What is the probability that a one-spot or a two-spot or a six-spot will appear face up on the throw of one
die? |
1/2 or 0.5
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The salesperson has just informed us that a cell phone was purchased. What is the probability that customer
was female? |
0.538 based on Bayes theorem
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The number of times an event occurred in the past is divided by the total number of occurrences. What is
this approach to probability called? |
empirical
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Bayes' theorem is used to calculate a subjective probability.
True or False |
False
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A coin is tossed four times. The probability is ¼ or 0.25 that all four tosses will result in a head face up.
True or False |
False
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The complement rule states that the probability of an event not occurring is equal to one minus the
probability of its occurrence. True or False |
True
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An individual can assign a subjective probability to an event based on the individual's knowledge about the
event. True or False |
True
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An experiment is an activity that is either observed or measured.
True or False |
True
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A joint probability is a probability that measures the likelihood that two or more events will happen
concurrently. True or False |
True
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If two events are mutually exclusive, then P(A or B) = P(A) P(B).
True or False |
False
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The probability of rolling a 3 or 2 on a single die is an example of mutually exclusive events.
True or False |
True
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If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication formula states
that there are (m) (n) ways of doing both. True or False |
True
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If there are two independent events A and B, the probability that A and B will occur is found by multiplying the two probabilities. Thus for two events A and B, the special rule of multiplication shown symbolically is: P(A and B) = P(A) P(B).
True or False |
True
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If only one of several events can occur at a time, we refer to these events as being mutually exclusive
events. True or False |
True
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A tree diagram portrays outcomes that are mutually exclusive.
True or False |
True
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The probability of rolling a 3 or 2 on a single die is an example of joint probability.
True or False |
True
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A combination is an arrangement of a set of objects in which there is an order from the first through the
last. True or False |
False
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The general rule of multiplication is used to find the joint probability that two events will occur.
Symbolically, the general rule of multiplication is P(A and B) = P(A) P(B|A). True or False |
True
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The combination formula is: n! / (n – r)!
True or False |
False
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Bayes' theorem is a method to revise the probability of an event given additional information.
True or False |
True
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The classical approach to probability requires that the outcomes of an experiment are not equally likely.
True or False |
False
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