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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are Fungi?
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Eukaryotic organisms
Cells enclosed by cell wall (made of chitin) They lack chlorophyll (non photosynthetic) Heterotrophic (secrete digestive enzymes, absorb through cell wall) Some are decomposers Others are parasites (of plants & animals) Grow best in moist environments |
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How do fungi survive dry conditions?
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Resting stage in which spores are produced
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Where can fungi survive?
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Nearly everywhere (varying pH, temp, osmotic conditions)
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What type of body do fungi have?
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Unicellular (yeasts)
Filamentous (molds) |
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Characteristics of Yeast:
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Unicellular
Asexual (budding, fission) Also sexual (spores) |
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Characteristics of molds:
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Mildews, smuts, rusts, mushrooms
Hyphae: long branched threads Mycelium: aggregation of hyphae Different approaches to reproduction depending on hyphae type |
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Asexual reproduction
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Spores:
Non-motile reproductive cells (wind/animal dispersion) Produced by aerial hyphae some form fruiting bodies Budding Fission |
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Sexual Reproduction
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Spores:
Plasmogomy: hyphae of two distinct mating types come together and fuse their cytoplasm Cell has 2 haploid nuclei. Mitosis occurs producing additional 2 nuclei cells Karyogomy: the 2 nuclei fuse & form a diploid zygote nucleus Meiosis occurs to form haploid spores (zygospores) |
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Five main phyla of fungi?
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Chytridiomycota
Ascomycota Basidiomycota Zygomycota Glomeromycota |
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How do the fungal phyla differ?
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Chytrids are motile (flagellated spores & gametes) & mostly aquatic, the other 4 are not. Chytrids have a thallus (body) and rhizoids (Hyphae like structures) and never get big enough to see w/ naked eye.
Zygomycetes are only filamentous and have no multicellular fruiting body, the other 4 are both unicellular and filamentous. |
