Physio Exam 3 Cont

Front 1

4 sources that can stimulate an immune response

Back 1

1. Pathogens
2. Cell Damage
3. Genetic Mutation
4. Auto-immunity

Front 2

granulocytes

Back 2

neutrophils
eosinophils/basophils
-12-72 hr lifespan

Front 3

agranulocytes

Back 3

monocytes
lymphocytes
-100-300 day lifespan

Front 4

serves as an early warning sign, washes through ISF

Back 4

Lymphatic system

Front 5

a central tissue, where a lot of WBCs are made

Back 5

Bone marrow

Front 6

a central tissue: take raw lymphocytes and turn a small % into T lymphocytes

Back 6

Thymus gland

Front 7

non specific barriers (5)

Back 7

Skin
Respiratory
GI tract
Protective secretions (tears, sweat) w/ lysozyme
Lymph nodes- w/ WBCs

Front 8

chemical signals sent by infected cells
-most commonly from viral
-provide short term immunity to surrounding cells

Back 8

Interferons

Front 9

chemical signal
-ups probability of WBC finding pathogen

Back 9

Cytokines

Front 10

Movement of WBCs toward cytokine

Back 10

Chemotaxis

Front 11

when WBCs attack a pathogen they secrete this fever producing mechnism

Back 11

Endogenous pyrogens

Front 12

Neutrophil takes antigen from pathogen and makes it part of it's membrane
-present the antigen to T lymphocyte

Back 12

Antigen Presenting cells

Front 13

cell mediated immunity

Back 13

T cells
destroy pathogen, clean up
-lose at numbers game

Front 14

type of T cell
-kill pathogen , directly attack specific antigen, attack membrane and DNA

Back 14

Cytotoxic/Killer T cells

Front 15

Type of T cell
-work like APCs, activate both T & B cells
-targeted by AIDS

Back 15

Helper T cells

Front 16

type of T cell
-inhibit killer T cells& B cells
-loss can lead to auto-immune

Back 16

Suppressor T cells

Front 17

Type of T cells
-recognize the return of the pathogen so APCs wont be needed

Back 17

Memory T cells

Front 18

Humoral Immunity

Back 18

antibody mediated, Bcells
kill pathogens with number adv but cant clean up

Front 19

B lymphocyte type
-secrete specific antibodies
-2,000/sec

Back 19

Plasma B cells

Front 20

Type of B lymphocyte
-similar to memory T cells

Back 20

memory B cells

Front 21

result of humoral immunity
=have specific antigen binding sites
-mark pathogen by binging to them

Back 21

Antibody

Front 22

Ways antibodies fight off infection (3)

Back 22

1. Neutralization
2. Phagocytosis
3. activate complement system

Front 23

activated by antibodies, punches holes in membrane causing cell to burst

Back 23

Complement system

Front 24

goals of pharmaceutical interventions (4)

Back 24

1. destroy pathogen
2 stop replication
3. prevent cell infection
4. prepare immune system

Front 25

external disease prevention, destroys both living and nonliving

Back 25

Antimicrobials
-soap, bleach, alcohol

Front 26

Vaccination goals (4)

Back 26

1. earlier lymphocyte activity
2. faster lymp activation
3. higher # total lymp
4. increase antibody production

Front 27

primary response vs. secondary

Back 27

second is faster and larger

Front 28

weakened or destroyed pathogens, but respond to antigen
initiates primary response
creates memory t/b cells
long lasting

Back 28

Active immunization

Front 29

antibodies from donor (was actively immunized)
short term

Back 29

Passive immunization

Front 30

shot w/ antibodies

Back 30

artificial passive

Front 31

breastfeeding, pass antibodies

Back 31

natural passive

Front 32

Kill bacteria by:
-destroying plasma memb
-disrupting protein synthesis

Back 32

Bactericide

Front 33

prevent replication of bacteria by:
prevent rep related protein syn
prevent folic acid form

Back 33

Bacteriostatic

Front 34

Antiviral goals (3)

Back 34

1. prevent cell infection
2. prevent viral rep
3. prevent viral escape