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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which state of matter has the most energy? |
gas |
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describe particle arrangement in a solid |
particles vibrate in a fixed position strong intermolecular forces between particles cannot be compressed |
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describe the particle arrangement of a liquid |
particles can move around each other (flow) weaker forces than a solid between particles cannot be compressed |
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describe the particle arrangement of gas |
particles move freely weak intermolecular forces between particles can be compressed |
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why can't solids be compressed? |
solids can only vibrate in a fixed position as there is little space and strong intermolecular bonds between particles |
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why can liquids flow and take the shape of containers? |
particles move randomly but are close together because of the weaker bonds |
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why can gas be compressed? |
particles move quickly and spread out due to the extremely weak forces between them |
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what is the conservation of mass? |
when a change of state occurs the mass will not change |
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what is the name of the process that turns a solid into a gas? |
sublimation |
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what is the name of the process that turns gas to a solid? |
desposition |
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define density |
the mass of a substance in a given volume |
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how to calculate density? |
density= mass / volume p = m / v |
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what is the unit for density? |
kg/m3 |
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explain how to measure volume with a displacement can |
fill can with water level with the spout place the object in collect the water with a measuring cylinder, this is the volume |
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what is specific heat energy? |
the energy needed to raise 1kg of a substance by 1°C |
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what is the shc equation triangle? |
energy = mass x shc x change in temp q = m x c x ø |
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how to calculate specific heat energy? |
energy / mass x change in temp q / m x c |
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what are the units for specific heat capacity? |
joules per kilogram per degrees J/kg/°C |
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what is latent heat capacity? |
the energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance |
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what is a more accurate alternative to a thermometer? |
electronic temperature probe |
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what are sources of inaccuracy in the shc core practical? |
thermal energy dissipates into surroundings incorrect reading on thermometer |
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what should be ensured of the immersion heater? |
that it is fully submerged in the substance |
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what piece of equipment is used to measure energy in the shc core practical? |
joulemeter |
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the amount of thermal energy stored in something depends on which three things? |
temperature mass material |
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what is the unit for pressure? |
pascals (Pa) |
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what is temperature? |
a measure of kinetic energy in the particles of a substance |
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how is heat energy transferred? |
conduction — solids convection — fluids radiation — transfers heat through a vacuum |
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big > small unit you.. |
x 1000 |
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small > bug unit you.. |
/ 1000 |
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what is pressure? |
a force exerted on the walls of a container caused by moving particles hitting the wall |
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what is meant by absolute zero? |
absolute zero is the term given to the temperature at which a gas would stop moving and therefore gave zero pressure |
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what is 1Pa equal to? |
1N/m3 |
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state the temperate of absolute zero |
Ok or -273°C |
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how do you convert from kelvin to celsius? |
subtract 273 |
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how do you convert from celsius to kelvin? |
add 273 |
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0k is equal to |
-273 °C |
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what are three ways to increase gas pressure? |
decrease volume increase temperature increase concentration |
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how does increasing temperature increase gas pressure? |
increases the kinetic energy of the particles which will mean they have more movement which will result in more frequent collisions with the walls of the container that they’re in |
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how does decreasing volume increase gas pressure? |
less space inside the container so there will be more frequent collisions with the walls of the container |
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how does increasing concentration increase gas pressure? |
increases the number of particles which results in more collisions with the walls of container |
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what happens to pressure if the volume of gas increases at a constant temperature? |
gas pressure decreases |
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what equation links volume and pressure? |
V(1)P(1) = V(2)P(2) |
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what is the relationship between kinetic energy of particles and kelvin temperature of a gas? |
directly proportional |
