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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reference Point |
Used to measure the motion of an object. Usually appears to stay in place. |
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Force |
A push or pull on an object. |
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Net Force |
The total amount of force exerted on an object. |
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Balanced Forces |
When all the forces on an object add up to zero; does not cause a change in the motion of the object. |
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Unbalanced forces |
When the forces on an object DO NOT add up to zero; causes a change in the motion, speed, or direction of an object. |
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Velocity |
Speed AND direction of an object. |
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Speed |
How fast an object is traveling; distance divided by time. |
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Friction (aka Kinetic Friction) |
A force that occurs when two objects in contact interact by sliding past one another. |
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Magnitude |
The strength with which a force is acting. |
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Force Diagram |
A picture that uses arrows to show what forces are acting on an object, how strong those forces are, and in what direction they are pushing/pulling. |
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Drag |
A force that opposes the motion of an object as it moves through a fluid, such as a liquid or a gas. |
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Acceleration |
A change in an object's velocity (this could involve speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction). |
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Gravity |
A force that exists between all objects due to their mass. More massive objects exert more of this force than less massive objects. For example, Earth exerts more of this force that the people standing on Earth. This forces weakens when the distance between the objects is increased. |
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Magnetic Force |
Forces that attract or repel each other depending on the distance between the objects. Objects that are affected by this type of force must be made of metal. The closer the objects are to one another the stronger the force will be. |
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Electric Field |
These exist around objects with an electrical charge. They may have a positive or negative charge. Positive and negative charges attract one another, but two positive charges repel each other and two negative charges repel each other. |
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Weight |
A measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object. This changes with the location of the object and the amount of gravity exerted on the object. |
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Mass |
The amount of matter in an object. This does NOT change with the object's location. |
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Electromagnets |
Temporary magnets that lose their magnetism when the electric current is turned off. |
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Generator |
Machines that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and are used to produce electrical energy in power plants. |
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Electric Motors |
Machines that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, such as those in blenders and washing machines. |
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Gravitational Potential Energy |
The stored energy that an object has due to its position. For example, a book sitting on the edge of a table has the ability to fall down if it is knocked off balance. A change in the height of an object is evidence that this has changed. |
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Elastic Potential Energy |
The energy associated with how much an elastic object has been stretched or compressed and how difficult such a compression or stretch is. A change in the amount of compression or stretch of an elastic object is evidence that this has changed. |
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Chemical Potential Energy |
Energy associated with the position and arrangement of the atoms within substances. Rearranging atoms into new positions to form new substances (chemical reaction) is evidence that this has most likely changed. |
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Thermal Energy |
Heat energy; involved in every energy transfer. |
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Electrical Potential Energy |
Energy associated with the position of electrically charged objects relative to each other and the amount of charge they have. Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract each other. |
