Phys Exam 1

Front 1

integrin

Back 1

integral protein binds cell to outer matrix

Front 2

cadherins

Back 2

integral protein binds cells to other cells

Front 3

Na+ ECF

Back 3

140

Front 4

Cl- ECF

Back 4

105

Front 5

HCO3 ECF

Back 5

24

Front 6

K+ ICF

Back 6

120

Front 7

zona occludens

Back 7

tight junction. attachment site between cells to keep things from getting through

Front 8

Claudins

Back 8

primary component of tight junctions

Front 9

paracellular pathways

Back 9

allow passage within membrane (parallel) but not THROUGH it

Front 10

zona adherens

Back 10

gives cells info about surroundings. binds cells together thru cadherins

Front 11

catenin

Back 11

main protein of zona adherins. creates cadherins

Front 12

gap junctions

Back 12

low resistance pathway. allows electrical communication btw cells. main component is connexin

Front 13

connexins

Back 13

make up gap junctions

Front 14

desmosomes

Back 14

at macula adherins. hold adjacent cells together tightly. dense plaque of intermediate filaments

Front 15

3 characteristics of carrier mediated transport

Back 15

competition, saturation, stereospecificity

Front 16

Rate of Diffusion Equation

Back 16

J = PA (C1-C2)

Front 17

Na+ Equilibrium Potential

Back 17

+65mV

Front 18

K+ Equilibrium Potential

Back 18

+85mV

Front 19

Ca2+ equilibrium potential

Back 19

120mV

Front 20

Cl- Equilibrium potential

Back 20

-90 mV

Front 21

myesthenia gravis

Back 21

antibodies block ACh receptors at neuromuscular jxn. blocks transmission of AP. treated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

Front 22

botulinum toxin

Back 22

blocks ACh release into the synapse

Front 23

Curare

Back 23

competes with ACh receptor. Decreases EPP

Front 24

Neostigmine

Back 24

anticholinesterase. Blocks AChE, increases ACh at the synapse.

Front 25

Hemicholinium

Back 25

Blocks reuptake of choline into presynaptic terminal. depletes ACh stores

Front 26

z-disk

Back 26

protein for actin anchorage. marks ends of sarcomere

Front 27

m-line

Back 27

middle of sarcomore. surrounded by bare zone

Front 28

bare zone

Back 28

center of sarcomere only thick filaments present. no overlap

Front 29

A-band

Back 29

Entire length of myosin. appears dark under polarized light. overlap here. site of cross bridge formation

Front 30

I-bands

Back 30

located around Z-disk. located at ends of A-band. Half of actin, z-disk, and titin

Front 31

titin

Back 31

extends from m-line to z-disk. largest protein of the body.

Front 32

nebulin

Back 32

associated with thin filament. Same length as actin. sets the length of thin filament during assembly

Front 33

alpha-actin

Back 33

anchors thin filament to z-disk

Front 34

dystrophin

Back 34

anchors myofibrillar array to cell membrane

Front 35

calsequestrin

Back 35

binds Ca2+ in SR of muscle protein. low-affinity, high- capacity. Releases Ca2+ during contraction of skeletal muscle

Front 36

Troponin T

Back 36

attaches troponin to tropomyosin

Front 37

troponin I

Back 37

(inhibition) covers binding site on actin to prevent myosin binding

Front 38

troponin C

Back 38

binds Calcium. can bind up to 4, each increasing troponins affinity for more Calcium

Front 39

calmodulin

Back 39

the troponin C of smooth muscle

Front 40

latch bridging

Back 40

weak myosin/actin interaction that maintains tone in smooth muscles

Front 41

A-alpha nerve fibers

Back 41

alpha-motoneuron. myelinated, fast, skeletal muscle

Front 42

A gamma nerve fibers

Back 42

gamma motoneurons to muscle spindles. medium conduction, myelinated

Front 43

A delta

Back 43

polymodal! touch, temp, pain, pressure. medium velocity, myelinated.

Front 44

C fibers

Back 44

slow pain. slow, unmyelinated

Front 45

1a nerve fiber

Back 45

muscle spindle afferents. fast, myelinated

Front 46

1b nerve fibers

Back 46

golgi tendon organ afferents. fast, myelinated

Front 47

II nerve fiber

Back 47

secondary afferents of muscle spindles. touch and pressure. myelinated, medium velocity

Front 48

III afferents

Back 48

polymodal nociceptive. medium, myelinated

Front 49

IV afferents

Back 49

slow pain. unmyelinated

Front 50

What are the 6 characteristics of sensory coding?

Back 50

Modality, stimulus location, threshold, intensity, pattern of impulses, duration

Front 51

range of warm receptors?

Back 51

36 - 45C. optimum at 42/43

Front 52

range of cold receptors?

Back 52

25-36C. optimum at 30C

Front 53

pacinian corpuscles

Back 53

phasic receptors. most rapidly adapting. encode for vibration and light touch. subcutaneous

Front 54

Meisner's corpuscles

Back 54

encapsulated. in the dermis of NONHAIRY, most prominently in fingertips and lips. rapidly adapting, used for point discrimination. they are my corpuscles, and they are very precise!

Front 55

Ruffini's

Back 55

slowly adapting, in dermis of hairy skin, detect stretch and joint rotation. rufio, workout scene from pan

Front 56

Merkel's Receptors

Back 56

slowly adapting in non-hairy skin. small receptive fields. detect pressure, verticle indentations on the skin. merkel sounds like erkel

Front 57

tactile disks

Back 57

same as merkels, but in hair skin. slow adapting, tonic, sense vertical indentation.

Front 58

simple cells (visual cortex)

Back 58

stationary bars with correct position/orientation

Front 59

complex cells of visual cortex

Back 59

moving bars of light with correct orientation

Front 60

hypercomplex

Back 60

detect curves, angles or bars of different lengths

Front 61

hearing range

Back 61

20 - 20,000 Hz

Front 62

greatest hearing sensitivity

Back 62

2000 and 5000 Hz

Front 63

middle ear muscles/function/CN

Back 63

tensor tympani - CN V
Stapedius - CN VII
sound dampening
damage causes hypercussis

Front 64

anterior 2/3 of tongue?

Back 64

CN VII

Front 65

anterior 2/3 of tongue?

Back 65

CN VII

Front 66

posterior 1/3 of tongue (CN)

Back 66

CN IX

Front 67

back of throat (CN)

Back 67

CN X