Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is theism |
Belief in the existence of God |
|
|
What is atheism |
Lack of belief in the existence of God |
|
|
What is agnosticism |
The existence of God is possible to be known or proven |
|
|
Rationalist/ a priori strategy |
Can prove God's existence through reason alone, the very concept of God implies the existence of God |
|
|
Empiricist / a posteriori strategy ( and the two kinds of experience one might appeal to here) |
The features of the world around us could only have been cause by a being such as God |
|
|
Who is the author of the ontological argument |
Anselm |
|
|
What is the title and general format of the book where the ontological argument occurs |
Proslogion |
|
|
Be familiar with each major premise/ step within the ontological argument |
1. God is "a being than which nothing greater can be conceived" 2. As soon as you hear those words, God exists in your mind 3. It is greater to exist in the mind AND reality than to exist only in the mind 4. This, if we say God exists in the mind, we must also say God exists in reality (otherwise we could conceive of something greater than God) 5. We have said God exists in the mind ( premis 2) 6. Thus, we must also say that God exists in reality |
|
|
Gaunilo's criticism of the ontological argument |
Prove the existence of a perfect island |
|
|
What is kant's criticism of the ontological argument |
Existence does not add to the concept of a thing |
|
|
Who is the author of the cosmological argument |
St Thomas aquinas |
|
|
What is the title and general format of the book where the cosmological argument occurs |
Summa theologiae |
|
|
What are the five things Thomas focuses on in his "five ways" |
1. Movement or change 2. Cause and effect 3. Contingency 4. Degrees of goodness 5. Orderliness |
|
|
What is each major premis/ step within the 3rd way |
1. If something is contingent, then over an infinite stretch of time it will cease to exist 2. If everything is contingent, then the universe as a whole is contingent 3. If the universe as a whole is contingent, then over and infinite stretch of past time there would have been a point where there is nothing 4. If there were a point where there is nothing, then nothing would exist now (because nothing comes from nothing) 5. It is clearly false that nothing exist now, so it is false that everything is contingent 6. Thus, there is something that is necessary and that is what we call God. |
|
|
Identify the philosopher most associated with the incoherence argument |
David Hume |
|
|
What is the basic structure of the incoherence argument |
1. Any being the concept of which is self contradictory cannot exist 2. The concept of God is self contradictory 3. Thus, God cannot exist |
|
|
Allegedly incompatible divine attributes |
1. Disappear upon careful analysis 2. Proves the concept of God in classical theism is mistaken and advocate for a revised concept of God. |
|
|
Identify philosophers most associated with the problem of evil |
Epicurus David Hume |
|
|
Problem of evil argument |
1. If God exists, God is omniscient, omnipotent, and omnibenevolent 2. If God is ooo then evil would not exist 3. Evil does exist 4. This, God does not exist |
|
|
Free will defense and potential problems with it |
1. If God exists, God would create the best possible world 2. A world where humans have free will is better than a world where they do not 3. Thus, if God exists God would create a world where humans have free will
1. If humans have free will, then it is possible for there to be evil 2. Thus, if God exists, God would create a world where it is possible for there to be evil |
