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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is "philosophy"?
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literally "the love of wisdom"
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epistemology
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study of the scope and limits of knowledge
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metaphysics
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study of the nature of reality
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empiricism
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the most reliable source of knowledge is the scientific method
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rationalism
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the most reliable source of knowledge is logic and pure reason
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plato's forms
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archetype, which is independent of our minds, from which we get our concepts
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method of doubt
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doubt everything one knows to find the foundations of life
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primary quality
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objective characteristics of a thing
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secondary quality
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subjective characteristics that can vary from person to person
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idealism
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reality is mind and its ideas
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noumenal reality
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the world as it truly is outside of our experience and perception
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phenomenal reality
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the world as we perceive and experience it
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Occam's Razor
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a principal in logic where the simpler explanations are more preferable to complex ones
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representative realism
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one's experience of the world is reality
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philosophical method
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critical thinking and logic
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Socratic method
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reason through dialogue
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Ethics
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Study of morality and character
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knowledge
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justified true belief
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a priori
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rationalism before experience
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a posteriori
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rationalism after experience
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innate idea
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idea/concept we are born with
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Allegory of the Cave
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Chains= ignorance
Sun= the good (highest state of knowledge) Consistency=real |
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dream hypothesis
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If we are dreaming, then nothing we know is real
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evil genius
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demon messing with mind and reality
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God exists:
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perfection; innate idea of perfection, even though we are imperfect
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Idea
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everything we're conscious of, comes from senses and thought
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simple idea
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smallest unit of experience
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complex idea
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combination, relation, abstraction of simple ideas; can be broken down into simple ideas
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substance
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something holding qualities together, categories of understanding
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Kant on God:
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our minds experience a picture of God's world and ideas
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How are we all connected to each other?
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language
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Locke's "physical stuff"
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substance
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Berkerley thinks reality is composed of
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mind and ideas
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Dogma
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belief that can't be questioned
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Innate structure
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-forms of intuition (space + time)
-categories of understanding (i.e.: substance, identity, causality) |
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copernican revolution
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world conforms to our mind
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