Philosophy

Front 1

voluntary informed consent

Back 1

the person's action was freely chosen with knowledge of the relevant facts and gave permission to engage in that action

Front 2

occurrent coercion

Back 2

uses physical means to force someone to do something

Front 3

dispositional coercion

Back 3

to threaten with harm in order to force someone to do something (to fire someone)

Front 4

deception

Back 4

one convinces another to do something by failing to secure their informed consent (lies, witholds relevant information)

Front 5

coercion

Back 5

when trying to get someone to do something their actions are not consented/voluntarily consented to.

Front 6

offer

Back 6

a proposal that results in a reward for compliance, and no penalty for non-compliance (doesnt coerce)

Front 7

threat

Back 7

a proposal that results in a penalty for non-compliance (ex. of coercion)

Front 8

existential integrity

Back 8

our moral task is to live up to what is best in mankind, rather than just avoiding to break rules, we ought to act in a way in which we wish mankind to be defined

Front 9

sincerity conditions

Back 9

acts that arent judged according to moral rules or consequences but can be thought to have a meaning

Front 10

insincere action

Back 10

acts that are wrong, lack integrity, sincerity conditions arent fulfilled, when their physical actions are out of step/lack harmony with their mental states

Front 11

sincere actions

Back 11

uttering statements, making commitments, shaking hands

Front 12

retentionism

Back 12

the position that the death penalty is either morally right, or atleast morally permissible (pro-penalty)

Front 13

abolitionism

Back 13

the position that the death penalty is morally worng and we ought to abolish it (anti-penalty)

Front 14

retributivism

Back 14

punish criminals with sentences equal or proportional with their crime (pro-penalty)

Front 15

equality retributivism

Back 15

punishment should be exactly equal to the crime

Front 16

proportional retributivism

Back 16

the punishment should be proportional to the crime, the severity of the crime determines the punishment

Front 17

best bet argument

Back 17

better to risk the lives of criminals than innocent people (pro-penalty)

Front 18

normative statement

Back 18

doesnt describe an actual event but how things OUGHT to be

Front 19

descriptive statement

Back 19

describes the way things are, statements about what IS the case

Front 20

lex talionis

Back 20

law as retatliation:
1. the point to punish criminals is to retaliate against those who did wrong
2. punishment is morally justified when applied as retribution for the crime commited
3. punishment ought to be equal or proportional to the crime

Front 21

murder

Back 21

most severe offense

Front 22

natural law theory

Back 22

there is a natural, rational order to the world and everything in it, everything that exists in the natural world has some natural purpose