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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Contraries |
Iff cannot both be true |
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Subcontraries |
Iff cannot both be false |
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Subalternations |
Immediate inference between universal sentence and particular sentence of the same quality |
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Contradictories |
Iff cannot both be true |
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Sentence properties |
Logical truth, logical falicy, logical contingency |
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Theory properties |
Consistency and inconsistency |
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Argument properties |
Validity and invalidity |
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Logical truth |
A sentence that is true and cannot be false |
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Logical falicy |
False and cannot be true |
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Logical contingency |
Neither logically true nor false |
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Quality |
Affirmative or negative |
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Quantity |
Universal or particular |
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Traditional interpretation |
A and E type sentences have existential import |
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Existential import |
Iff entails that something exists |
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Consistent |
Iff it is possible for all the sentences in the set to be true |
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Inconsistent |
It is not possible for all the sentences in a set to be true |
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Valid |
Iff it cannot have two true premises and a false conclusion |
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Invalid |
It's possible to have two true premises and a false conclusion |
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Syllogism |
An argument that has two premises |
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Middle term |
Appears in both premises |
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Minor term |
Subject of the conclusion |
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Major term |
Predicate term of the conclusion |
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Mood |
Three letters representing the categorical sentences |
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Figure |
Determined by the position of the middle term |
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Traditional square of opposition |
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If an A-type sentence is true then... |
E is false, O is false, I is true |
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If an A-type sentence is false then... |
O is true and E and I are indeterminate |
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If an E-type sentence is true then... |
A and I are false, and O is true |
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If an E-type sentence is false then... |
I is true, and A and O are indeterminate |
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If an I-type sentence is true then... |
E is false, and A and O are indeterminate |
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If an I-type sentence is false then... |
A is false, and E and O are true |
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If an O-type sentence is true then... |
A is false, and E and I are indeterminate |
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If an O-type sentence is false then... |
E is false, and A and I are true |
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If a sentence is true then it's subcontrary is... |
Indeterminate |
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If a sentence is false then its subcontrary is... |
True |
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Any theory with all false sentences is... |
Not necessarily inconsistent because it's not necessarily impossible for the sentences to be true |
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If an argument has true premises and a true conclusion then... |
It could still be invalid if it's not impossible to have two true premises and a false conclusion |
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Every sound argument has a... |
True conclusion |
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All logically true sentences are... |
Logically equivalent to each other |
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If a sentence is logically false then... |
It is false |
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Any theory with all true sentences is... |
Consistent |
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If a sentence is true then its contrary must be... |
False |
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If a sentence is false then its contrary must be... |
Indeterminate |
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All true sentences are... |
Not necessarily logically true |
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If an argument has true premises and a false conclusion then it is... |
Invalid |
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False iff P is true and Q is false; if, then, only if, unless |
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True iff both are true; and, but, both, although |
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False iff both are false; or, either, unless |
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True iff both have the same value; iff |
