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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are b2 agonists used for in asthma?
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these are the most effective bronchodilators available
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What are B2 agonists method of action?
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activates adenylate cyclase
increases cAMP relaxes SM, stabilzes mast cells |
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What do all these asthma B2 agonists end with?
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Uterol*
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How long does Albuterol last for?
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4-8 hours
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What is Levabuterol?
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this is an isomer of albuterol, but is a better better bronchodilator
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How long does Salmeterol last for?
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12 hours
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What must always be given with corticosteroids for asthma?
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Salmeterol, of Formeoteral (a LABA)
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How long does it take Salmeterol and Fomoterol to work?
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about 20 min, NOT suitable for rescue use?
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What are the most common side effects of B2 agonists?
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tachycardia
nervousness, dizziness tremor |
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What is the main concern in long term B2 agonist use?
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tolerance may occur, so should only be used on an AS needed basis
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What kind of drug is Ipratropium?
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Muscarinic antagonist
Quaternary ammonium compound Tx of COPD |
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What is used with Ipratropium?
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a B2 agonist
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What is Tiotropium?
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this is similar to ipratropium, and only needs once daily dosing
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What does Theophylline do?
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this blocks adenosine receptors
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How does Theophylline work?
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blocks adenosine receptors which normally cause bronchoconstriction
also incrreases cAMP, mimicing EPI's actions |
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What is the therapeutic window for theophylline?
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pretty low actually
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What drugs increase the clearance of theophylline?
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phenytoin
smoking rifampin OBC |
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What slows down theophyllins clearance?
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cimetidine
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What are the main side effects of theophyllin?
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nervousness
insomnia arrhytmias diruetic kind of like caffeine! |
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What are corticosteroids used for in asthma?
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decrease inflammation
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What should always be given with LABA's?
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steroids
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Which is more potent, oral steroids, or inhaled?
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oral
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What kind of drug is Beclomethasome?
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this is an inhaled corticosteroid for asthma
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What kind of drug is Flunisolide?
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this is an inhaled corticosteroid for asthma
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What kind of drug is Fluticasone?
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this is an inhaled corticosteroid for asthma
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What are the common side effects of inhaled corticosetroids?
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thrush
hoarsness decreased bone density |
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What is methylprednisolone?
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this is an oral steroid use to treat asthma
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What are the long term effects of long term oral steroid use?
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bad ones:
osteoprorosis thin skin hyperglycemia trucal obesity/wasting of arms and legs (kind of like cushings) |
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What do leukotriene inhibitors do best?
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these decrease response to exercise or cold air
and decrease need for inhaled steroids |
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What does Zileuton do?
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this blocks 5 lipoxygenase, and decrease leukoteriene production
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What do the lukeotriene inhibitors end in?
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Lukast*
these block the leukotriene receptor |
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What are the side effects of leukotriene inhibitors?
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headache, abdominal pain, flu, infections, sore throat
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What is Omalizumab?
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this is a monoclonal antibody targeted against IgE
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What is Omalizumab used for?
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prevent allergic reactions in pts with asthma
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