Pharmacology Quiz #1 Study Guide

Front 1

Absorption

Back 1

The movement of a drug from its site of administration into the blood.

Front 2

Distribution

Back 2

The movement of drugs throughout the body

Front 3

Metabolism

Back 3

The enzymatic alteration of drug structure (aka biotransformation)

The method by which drugs are inactivated or bio-transformed by the body.

Front 4

Excretion

Back 4

Elimination of a medication from the body.

Front 5

BEERS Criteria

Back 5

A list of medications that are generally considered inappropriate when given to elderly people.

Front 6

Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

Back 6

Enforces the Controlled Substances Act.

Front 7

First Pass Effect

Back 7

The concentration of a drug is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation.

Medications metabolize before it hits the Portal Circulation systemically.

Front 8

Food & Drug Administration (FDA)

Back 8

Responsible for ensuring safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed.

Front 9

Trade Names

Back 9

Designated and patented by the manufacturer.

Trade name drugs are generally capitalized and trademarked. ®

Front 10

Generic Names

Back 10

Related to the chemical or official name & is independent from the manufacturer.

Generally lowercase unless at the beginning of a sentence or in a list.

Front 11

Routes of Medication Administration

Back 11

• IV: Intravenous: Injected into a vein: Rapid drug action. A response more effective because the drug is injected directly into the bloodstream.
• IM: Intramuscular: Injected into a muscle: Also produces drug action within a few minutes because muscles have a large blood supply.
• SubQ: Subcutaneous: Under the skin: Slower drug action than parental routes.
  
• SL: Sublingual: Under the tongue: Slower drug action than parental routes.
• PO: Oral: By Mouth: Slower drug action than parental routes.
• Top: Topical: Absorption and action of topical drugs vary according to the drug formulation
  

Front 12

Schedules of Medication

Back 12

• Schedule I: Drugs that have NO ACCEPTED MEDICAL USE and have a general lack of accepted safety.They have a HIGH ABUSE POTENTIAL. (Heroin, Marijuana, LSD, etc.)
• Schedule II: Drugs that are USED MEDICALLY & have a HIGH POTENTIAL for ABUSE. (Opioids, CNS Stimulants, etc)
• Schedule III: Drugs with less potential for abuse that Schedules I or II drugs but abuse may lead to psychological or physical dependence.These drugs have ACCEPTED MEDICAL USE IN THE USA. (Anabolic Steroids, some depressants)
• Schedule IV: Drugs with an ACCEPTED MEDICAL USE in the USA but with some potential for abuse.(Benzodiazepines, other sedative hypnotics, etc)
• Schedule V: Products containing moderate amounts of controlled substances. They may be dispensed by the Pharmacist without an MD’s Rx, but with some restrictions regarding amounts, record keeping and other safeguards. (Cough suppressants containing small amounts of Codeine.)
  

Front 13

Half Life of Medications

Back 13

How long it takes for 50% of a medication to leave the body.

Front 14

Protein Binding

Back 14

A drug's efficiency may be affected by the degree to which it binds to the proteins within blood plasma.

The less bound a drug is, the more efficiently it can traverse cell membranes or diffuse into or out of a cell.

The more protein available, the longer protein bound drugs remain in the body.

Front 15

Pharmacokinetic

Back 15

The study of drug movement throughout the body. (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)

Front 16

Pharmacodynamics

Back 16

What drugs do to the body and how they do it.

(The study of biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and the molecular mechanisms by which those effects are produced.)

Front 17

Pharmacotherapeutics

Back 17

The use of drugs to treat, prevent or diagnose disease or prevent pregnancy.

Front 18

6 Rights of Medication

Back 18

1. Right patient
2. Right medication
3. Right dose
4. Right route
5. Right time
6. Right to refuse

Front 19

warfarin (Coumadin)

Back 19

An Anti-coagulant drug. A blood thinner.

Its Antidote is Vitamin K, which comes in dark green vegetables.

Front 20

Rights of Medications

Back 20

A.T.R.A.M.P.

Allergies

Time

Route

Amount

Medication

Patient

Front 21

Medication Orders

Back 21

Must Include:

• PT full name
• Name of medication
• Dose, Route & Frequency of Administration
• Date, Time & Signature of Prescriber

Front 22

Agonist

Back 22

Drugs that produce effects similar to those produced by naturally occurring hormones, neurotransmitters and other substances.

Front 23

Antagonist

Back 23

Drugs that inhibits cell function by occupying receptor sites.