Pharmacology Final

Front 1

Drugs that do not cross placenta have

Back 1

High water solubility e.g(heparin)

Hint 1

Safe to use during pregnancy

Front 2

Git Drugs to avoid in patients with Parkinson

Back 2

Metoclopramide.it antagonizes dopamine receptors.

Front 3

HIV patient with retinal hemorrhage and eye symptoms and treatment

Back 3

Suspect Cytomegalovirus retinitis.treat with ganciclovir or pro drug valgancyclovir-inhibits DNA chain elongation,inhibits DNA polymerase.

Front 4

Patient with enterococcus treated with aminoglycoside shows drug resistant but bacterial effect when penicillin is added

Back 4

Aminoglycoside(generally used on gram negative) cannot pass through the cell wall because they work on 30s ribosomal subunit.so in order for it to work on organisms with cell wall,a drug that acts on cell wall e.g penicillin needs to be added. Used in severe cases of gram positive infection.

Front 5

Co administration of probenecid with penicillin

Back 5

Increases serum concentration of penicillin by inhibiting renal tubular secretion of penicillin-inhibiting organic anion transporter which normally transport penicillin from the capillaries to the tubular lumen

Front 6

Drug eluting stent like everolimus

Back 6

(sirolimus)inhibits intimal hyperplasia. They block the cell cycle from g1 to s phase to reduce smooth muscle cell proliferation by inhibiting mtor.

Front 7

Cyp450 inducers

Back 7

Griseofulvin st John's wartCarbamazepine,phenytoinPhenobarbital Oral contraceptiveRifampin

Hint 7

Decrease warfarin effect

Front 8

Beta blocker withdrawal syndrome

Back 8

Upregulation of beta adrenergic receptors

Front 9

Bisacodyl

Back 9

Improved peristalsis by stimulating enteric nerve

Front 10

Not eliminated by renal or hepatic clearance

Back 10

Monoclonal antibodies

Front 11

Drugs that undergo enterohepatic recirculation

Back 11

Irinotecan

Front 12

Sustained released drug preparation and immediate release drug preparation differences

Back 12

Sustained Has Reduced and delayed peak due to slower absorption in the git.

Front 13

Dantrolene

Back 13

Blocks further release of calcium into intracellular space.

Front 14

Epinephrine and lidocaine

Back 14

Vasoconstriction prolongation.

Front 15

Tolerance effect seen with alpha adrenergic agonist(decongestant)

Back 15

Due to receptor internalization after activation.

Front 16

Insulin and phosphorus

Back 16

Drives phosphorus Intracellularly.

Front 17

Proportion of body water between adult and neonates

Back 17

Neonates have higher proportion of body water. Lower plasma concentration of water soluble drugs if given the same dose as adult