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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fentanyl
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moderate to severe CHRONIC pain
longer lasting relief from persistent pain |
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Fentanyl S/E
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if used accidentally by child/adult who does not have high level of tolerance to opiods --> serious harm/death
> respiratory depression and fatal overdose = risk |
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Prototype used to treat severe pain
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Morphine
opioid analgesic opioid receptor agonist |
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First line drug for moderate to severe-pain
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opiods
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How inflammation is caused
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inflammation causes arachidonic acid release > cox-1/cox-2 > PG (prograstaglandin)
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most often used as cough suppressant
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codeine
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Morphine (Astramorph PF, Duramorph, others)
administration alerts |
administration alerts:
- causes peripheral dilation, results in orthostatic hypotension - pregnancy category B |
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Morphine
Adverse Effects |
- dysphoria (restlessness, depression, anxiety)
- hullicinations, nausea, constipation, dizziness, itching sensation - OVERDOSE > severe respiratory depression/cardiac arrest - psychological dependence when you take high doses for long time |
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Morphine
Black Box Warning |
Alcohol should be avoided
Fatal respiratory depression can occurs (see more on page 228) AVOID > those with acute asthmas/severe asthma, GI obstruction, severe hepatic/renal impairment |
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Morphine
Treatment of OD |
IV admin of NALOXONE
others > activated charcoal, laxative |
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Define opioid antagonist
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blockers of opioid activity
- often used to reverse symptoms of opioid addiction, toxicity, overdose |
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Used to reverse respiratory depression and other acute symptoms
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Naxalone (Narcan)
it will block narcotics from the receptor |
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Prototype for opioid antagonist
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Naxolone (Narcan)
drug treatment for acute opiod overdose and misuse opioid receptor antagonist |
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Naxolone (Narcan)
Administration Alerts |
admin alerts:
admin for respiratory rate < 10/min |
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Mixed agonist - antagonist activity cause
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stimulate opioid receptor causes analgesia
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treatment for opioid dependence
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METHADONE = an opioid but doesn't have euphoria effects
does not cure but avoids withdrawal symptoms treatment many months/years |
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buprenorphine (Subutex, Buprenex, others)
Suboxone (buprenorphine + naloxone) these are mixed agonist-antagonist |
early treatment of opioid withdrawal
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how opioid stop pain
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reduce/inhibit transmission of substance P
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schedule III - pain control
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lower risk for abuse potential
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schedule II - pain control
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pure opioid agonist
have higher abuse potential higher S/E |
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most common S/E of opioid meds
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decrease GI motility (MOST COMMON)
respiratory depression > assess their respiratory rate and GI system |
