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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Use and mechanism of Bethanechol
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direct agonist; activates bowel and bladder smooth muscle; resistant to AChE: postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
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Use of Carbachol
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direct agonist; glaucoma, pupillary contriction, release of intraocular pressure
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Use and mechanism of Pilocarpine
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direct agonist; contracts ciliary muscle of eye (open angle), pupillary sphincter (narrow angle); resistant to AChE: simulates sweat, tears, saliva
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Use and mechanism of Methacholine
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direct agonist; stimulates muscarinic receptors in airway when inhaled: challenge test for dx of asthma
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Use and mechanism of Neostigmine
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anticholinesterases; increases Ach, no CNS penetration: postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, postop reversal of neuromuscular junction blockage
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Use and mechanism of pyridostigmine
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anticholinesterases; increases Ach, increase strength, no CNS penetration; long acting for myasthenia gravis
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Use and mechanism of Edrophonium
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antichloinesterases; increase Ach, extremely short acting: dx myasthenia gravis
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Use and mechanism of Physostigmine
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anticholinesterases; increase Ach, can cross into CNS: glaucoma and atropine overdose
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Use and mechanism of Echothiophate
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antichloinesterases; increase Ach: glaucoma
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Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning effects
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DUMBBELSS: Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, Lacrimation, Sweating and Salivation, and abdominal cramping
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Use of Atropine, homatropine, tropicamide
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Muscarinic antagonist; Mydriasis and cycloplegia; decrease secretion in airway; decrease acid secretion in stomach; decrease motility in GIT; decrease urgency in cystitis
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Use of Bentropine
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Muscarinic antagonist; Parkinson's disease
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Use of Scopolamine
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Muscarinic antagonist; motion sickness
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Use of Ipratropium
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Muscarinic antagonist; Asthma COPD
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Use of Methscopolamine, oxybutynin, glycopyrolate
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Muscarinic antagonist; reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms
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Use of Pirenzepine, propantheline
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Muscarinic antagonist; peptic ulcer treatment
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Alpha-antagonists glacoma drugs
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Epinephrine, Brimonidine: decrease aqueous humor synthesis
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Beta-blocker glaucoma drugs
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Timolol, Betaxolol, Carteolol: decrease aqueous humor synthesis
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Diuretic glacoma drugs
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Acetazolamide: decrease aqueous humor secretion due to decrease HCO3-
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Cholinomimetics: glaucoma drugs
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Pilocarpine, carbachol, physostigmine, echothiophate: increase outflow of aqueous humor, contract ciliary muscle and open trabecular meshwork
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Prostaglandin glaucoma drugs
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Latanoprost (PGF2alpha): increase aqueous humor outflow
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Sulfa drug examples
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Celecoxib, furosemide, thiazides, TMP-SMX, sulfonylureas, sulfasalazine
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