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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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monoamine oxidase (MAO)
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catalyzes the breakdown of catecholamines ie dopamine
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monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) asverse effects
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interact with tyramine-containing foods (cheese, red wine, beer, and yogurt) causing hypertension
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Selegiline
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amphetamin derivative
less likely to elicit cheese effect used in conjunction with levodopa MAO-B inhipitor |
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selegiline mechanism of action
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MAO inhibitor
increases the level of dopaminergic stimulation in CNS lowers the dose of levodopa improvement in functional ability less likely to elict the cheese effect |
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selegiline adverse effects
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mild dizziness, dyskinesias, nausea, syncope
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presynaptic dopamine release enhancer
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amantadine (symmetrel)
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amantadine mechanism of action
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causing the release of dopamine and other catecholamines from their storage sites.
Blocks the reuptake of dompaine indirect acting control symptoms of dyskinesia |
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amantadine adverse drug effects
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relatively mild: dizziness, insomnia and nausea
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2 drugs that are
catechol ortho-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors |
tolcapone (Tasmar) and
entacapone (Comtan) |
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tolcapone mechanism of action
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prolong the action of levodopa
can cross BBB reduction of wearing off phenomenon |
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entacapone mechanism of action
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prolong the action of levodopa
can not cross BBB reduction of wearing off phenomenon |
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tolcapone adverse effects
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liver failure, this drug should only be used in patients who do not respond to other parkinson's drugs.
also, GI upset, dyskinesias, urine discoloration |
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entacpone adverse effects
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GI upset, dyskinesias, urine discoloration
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Nondopamine dopamine receptor agonists (NDDRAs)
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work by directing stimulation of presynaptic and/or postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the brain
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Bromocriptine mechanism of action
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NDDRA (nonedopamine dopamine receptor agonists) that activates presynaptic/and or postsynaptic dopamine receptors to stimulate the production of more dopamine
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Bromocriptine adverse effects
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ataxia, confusion, dizziness, depression. drowsiness, gi upset, visual changes
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Bromocriptine also inhibits
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the prodcution of hormone prolactin, which stimulated normal lactation
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dopamine replacenmnt drugs
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carbidopa with levodopa
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carbidopa levodopa mechanism of action
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stimulate presynaptic dopamine receptors to increase brain levels of dopamine
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carbidopa levodopa adverse effects
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cardiac dysrhythmias, hypotension, chorea, muscle cramps and GI distress
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carbidopa levodopa contraindications
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cases of angle-closure glaucoma
and undiagnosed skin conditions because both drugs can activate malignant melanoma |
