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38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
SNS also known as
Adrenergic NS
PNS also known as
Cholinergic NS
ACh binds with which (3) types of receptors?
Cholinergic, Muscarinic, Nicotinic
NE binds with which type type of receptors?
Adrenergic, Alpha, Beta
Alpha1-adrenergic receptors
In all sympathetic-target organs except the heart.
-Blood vessel tissue
-Sphincters of GI & GU contract
Alpha1-adrenergic response
-Constricts blood vessels
-Mydriasis
Alpha2-adrenergic receptors
At presynaptic adrenergic neuron terminals
-Control [N.T] in synaptic space
-If [N.T.] are high, stimulated --> inhibits NE release
-If [N.T.] are low, inhibited --> stimulates NE release
Alpha2-adrenergic response
-Inhibits release of NE
Beta1-adrenergic Receptors
In heart and kidneys
Beta1-adrenergic Response
-Increases HR and force
-Increase renin release
Beta2-adrenergic Recpetors
In all sympathetic target organs except the heart
-Mainly in lungs
Beta2-adrenergic Response
Inhibits smooth muscle
Nicotinic Receptors
In SNS & PNS postganglionic ganglia
Nicotinic Response
-Stimulates smooth muscle
-Stimulates gland secretion
Muscarinic Receptors
In post-ganglionic PNS target organ receptors except the heart
Muscarinic Response
-Stimulates smooth muscle
-Stimulates gland secretion
Adrenergic agents
(Sympathomimetics)
Stimulate SNS
Adrenergic-blocking agents
(Adrenergic antagonists)
(Sympatholytics)
Inhibit the SNS
Cholinergic agents
(Parasympathomimetics)
Stimulate the PNS
Cholinergic-blocking agents
(Anti-cholinergics)
(Parasympatholytics)
(Muscarinic blockers)
Inhibits PNS
Adrenergic effects
(Alpha)
-Decrease gastric motility
-Constrict bladder sphincter
Adrenergic effects
(Beta)
+Chrono, Ino, Dromotropic in heart
-Bronchodilation
Adrenergic agents used to treat...
-Weight-loss
-Asthma
-Wide-angle glaucoma
Nursing Role in Pharmacology
-Monitor pt condition
-Educate on drug therapy
-Note adverse effects
-Identify possible interactions
-Identify contraindications
Sympathomimetics
Stimulate SNS
Sympatholytics
Blocks Alpha and Beta SNS receptors.
Parasympathomimetics
-Stimulates PNS
-Promotes ACh action
Parasympatholytics
Block ACh receptors
Muscarinic agents monitor for...
-Intake and Output ratio
-Blurred Vision
-Orthostatic hypotension
-Muscle strength and neuromuscular status
-ptosis, diplopia and chewing
-schedule meds around meals
-schedule activities to avoid fatigue
-muscle weakness
Anticholinergic actions:
-Decrease GI and resp secretions
-Dilate bronchioles
-Dilate pupils
Anticholinergics treat:
-Nausea
-Urinary Incontinence
-Overactive bladder
-Parkinson's disease (decrease muscle rigidity)
Anticholinergic agents monitor for...
-Cholinergic crisis
-Changes in HR, BP, dysrhythmias
-Dry mucous membranes
-Exposure to heat, cold, exercise
-Input and Output
-Abdominal distention
-Auscultate for bowel sounds
Adrenergic antagonist monitor for...
-Urinary hesitency
-Imcomplete bladder emptying
-Interrupted urinary system
-Syncope
-Vitals
-LOC
-Mood
-Dizziness, drowsiness, light-headedness
-SE
-Liver fx
Sympathomimetics monitor for...
-IV insertion (may not have good blood flow)
-Breathing patterns
-SOB
-Wheezing
-Response to light
-Rhinorrhea
-Epitaxis (nose bleed)
Sympathomimetic
-PROTOTYPE-
-phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
-MOA: Stimulate the SNS directly/indirectly
-PU: Receptor dependent
Alpha1-nasal congestion, hypotension, dilate pupils for eye exam
Alpha2-hypertension
Beta1-cardiac arrest, heart failure, shock
Beta2-Asthma and premature labor contractions
AE: Tachycardia, hypertension, dysrhythmias, CNS excitation, seizures, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, anorexia
Adrenergic-Blocking agents
-PROTOTYPE-
-prazosin (Minipress)
-MOA: inhibit the SNS
-PU: hypertension, dysrhythmias, angina, heart failure, BPH, narrow angle glaucoma
Cholinergic agents
-PROTOTYPE-
-bethanechol (Urecholine)
-MOA: activate the PNS directly/indirectly
-PU: glaucoma, urinary retention, myasthena gravis, Alzheimers
AE: profuse salivation, increased muscle tone, urinary frequency, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia
Cholinergic blocking agents
-PROTOTYPE-
-atropine (Atropair, Atropisol)
-MOA-inhibit the PNS
-PU: peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, mydiasis and cycloplegia during eye exam, bradycardia, preanesthetic, asthma
-AE: tachycardia, CNS stimulation, urinary retention, dry mouth, dry eyes, decreased sweating, photophobia