Pharmacology 33 Drugs Affecting Hematpoesis

Front 1

(P) EPOETIN ALFA

Back 1

ERYTHROPOESIS STIMULANTS

4:
anemia from chronic Kidney dis

MECH:
stimulates RBC production

CONTRAS:
uncontrolled hypertension

ADVERSES:
Fever, headache, cough, rash, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and edema

Front 2

(P) INTERFERON alpha 2-A

Back 2

CYTOKINES

4:
Hairy cell leukemia, Kaposi sarcoma and chronic hepatitis

MECH:
Inhibits the growth of tumor cells
modulates the host immune response.

Front 3

(P) CYCLOSPORINE

Back 3

IMMUNE MODERATORS

4:
to prevent organ rejection & graft-vs-host dis

MECH:
Immunosuppressant that is produced as a metabolite

ADVERSES: (DANGEROUS!)
Hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, tremor, hirsutism, hypertension, and gum hyperplasia

** metabolized by P-450 **

* started soon after transplantation *

* periodic blood tests to monitor for renal, hepatic, and hematologic effects *

Front 4

(P) PREDNISONE

Back 4

GLUCOCORTICOIDS

4:
immunosupresses you - also anti-inflammatory effects

MECH:
glucocorticoid activity, although some mineralocorticoid activity is present and more apparent when the drug is administered in high doses.

CONTRAS:
Fungal infections

ADVERSES:
Anxiety, mood swings, insomnia, headache, GI complaints, menstrual irregularities, hyperglycemia

* Monitor for therapeutic drug response, adverse drug reactions, and indications of drug toxicity *

Front 5

(P) FLUDROCORTISONE

Back 5

MINERALOCORTICOIDS

4:
Partial replacement therapy for primary adrenocortical insufficiency

MECH:
Acts on the distal renal tubule to enhance the reabsorption of sodium and to increase the urinary excretion of both potassium and hydrogen ions.

CONTRAS:
chronic fungal infrections

ADVERSES:
Small doses: marked sodium retention and increased urinary potassium excretion

INTRACTNS:
SAME AS PREDNISONE

* causes Na retention and K loss *

* Monitor blood pressure, fluid balance, and electrolyte status *

* Monitor for edema, weight gain, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, or muscular weakness *

Front 6

(P) 5-FLUOROURACIL

Back 6

ANTI-METABOLITES

4:
hits solid tumors

MECH:
Acts as a “false” antimetabolite, causing a thymine deficiency

CONTRAS:
familial pyrimidinemia, an enzyme deficiency

ADVERSES:
Myelosuppression (anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia)

* Light sensitive *

* Do not exceed the 800-mg maximum daily dose of 5-FU *

* Monitor the patient’s complete blood counts (CBCs) *

Front 7

(P) VINCRISTINE

Back 7

VINCA ALKALOIDS (periwinkly extracts)

4:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

MECH:
stops cell division in M phase (metaphase)

CONTRAS:
Demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome

ADVERSES:
NEURO: motor, sensory, and autonomic neuropathies

* Acute elevation of uric acid may occur during remission *

Front 8

(P) PACLITAXEL

Back 8

TAXANE

4:
ovarian and breast cancers

MECH:
Inhibits the normal dynamic reorganization of the microtubular network during interphase and mitosis

ADVERSES:
BLACK BOX WARNING:risk of anaphylaxis & severe hypersensitivity reaction

* get Baseline CBC, ECG, and vital signs *

* Monitor the patient’s baseline vital signs during the first 15 minutes *

* Give premedication consisting of corticosteroids, diphenhydramine, and an H2-antagonist *

Front 9

(P) CYLCOPHOSPHAMIDE

Back 9

ALKYLATING AGENTS

FILL IN LATER - WENT TOO FAST

Front 10

(P) DOXORUBICIN HCL

Back 10

ANTITUMOR ANTIBIOTICS

4:
Hematologic and solid cancers

Front 11

(P) TAMOXIFEN

Back 11

HORMONE ANTAGONISTS

4:
advanced breast cancer (only POST-menopausal women)

MECH: