Veterinary Pharmacology

Front 1

What are the 3 drugs to avoid in dogs?

Back 1

1. ASPIRIN
2. NAPROXEN
3. IBUPROFEN
4. Baytril (toxic for puppies)

Front 2

What are the 4 drugs to avoid in cats?

Back 2

1. aspirin
2.morphine
3.codine
4.phenylbutazone

Front 3

What is the class of drugs to avoid in lactating cows?

Back 3

sulfonamides

Front 4

what are the 3 general classes of Feed Additives for Beef Catttle?

Back 4

1. MGA (melegestrol acetate)

2.Ionophores
-monensin,
-lasalosid (decrease bloat, coccidiosis)

3. Bufffer
-sodium bicarbonate (decrease gas)

Front 5

what is a drug that should be avoided in cats and dogs?

Back 5

Aspirin

Front 6

therapeutic antibiotic use in animals:

Back 6

therapeutic dose is given to treat a specific health problem in the animal

Front 7

Sub-therapeutic antibiotic use in animals:

adverse effect:

Back 7

Doses lower that therapeutic dose are used to stimulate grwth and food conversion, and to stimulate performance.

May result in developement of resistnace.

Front 8

what is the value of antibiotics for food production?

Back 8

1) ↓ infection in animals
2) ↓ food/manure/land
3) ↓ cost
4) ↑ meat production

Front 9

Antibiotic Resistance Problems

Back 9

1) Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) present in meat that can be consumed by humans

2) Streptococus Pneumoniae Resistant to Penicillin

3)MDR-Tuberculosis

4) Hospital-Bacterial Infections (resistant to drugs of 1st choice)

Front 10

Drug Compounding is APPROPIATE when:

Back 10

1. used for companion animal
2. used for legitimate medical need
3. compounded for individual animal
4. approved from FDA for animals or humans

Front 11

When is Drug Compounding INAPPROPIATE?

Back 11

1. out of state (excessive)
2. offer whole sale
3. longer expiration date that treatment duration
4. compound similar to FDA approved, but not FDA approved itself

Front 12

1) what does ELDU stands for?

2) ELDU definition:

3) examples:

Back 12

1) Extra-Label Drug Use

2)use of OTC/presctiption drugs different than specified in the label

Examples:
-used in different species (dog vs cat)
-used in different class of animal (breeding vs not breeding)
-diff. route of administration (IV vs IM)
-different disease

Front 13

When is ELDU Ok?

Back 13

-good veterinary-client relationship
-no other drug alternative
-drug is used for therapeutic use only

Front 14

When is ELDU Prohibiited?

Back 14

-when drug used in feed
-for production enhancement
-disease prophylaxis
-for behaivior
-for reproductive management

Front 15

10 drugs that CANNOT be used in any animal under any conditions:

Back 15

1. Chloramphenicol
2. Clenbuterol
3. DES
4. Dimetridazole
5. Furazlidone
6. Fluoroquinolones
7. Glycopeptides (Vancomycin)
8. Ipronidazole
9. Nitrofurazone
10. Sulfonamide in lactating cattle

Front 16

What does NARMS stand for?

Back 16

National Antibiotic Resistance Monitorring System

Front 17

Issues of concern when using antibiotics in animals:

Back 17

1. Residues in edible tissue
2. Antimicrobial resistance
3. Enviromental concerns
4. limited availability of approved drugs

Front 18

Examples of Potential Adverse Effects of eating food containing drug residues:

Back 18

1. Direct toxicity
2. carcinogenesis/genotoxicity
3. Developmental toxicity
4. kill beneficial intestinal flora in humans

Front 19

Year in which the FDA approved antibiotic Feed additives:

Back 19

1951

Front 20

National Residue Program

Back 20

FDA & EPA set maximum permisible levels of chemical residues

FDA sets penalties for infractions

USDA FSIS enforces tolerance

Front 21

Antimicrobials APPROVED in Feed:

Back 21

1. bacitracin
2. bambermycin
3. efrotomycin
4. erithromycin
5. lasalocid
6. lincommycin
7. laidlomycin
8. monensin
9. neomycin
10. novobiocin
11. oleandomycin
12. penicillin
13. sulfonamides
14. tiamulin
15. tilmicosin
16. tylosin
17. tetracyclins
18. virginiamycin