Phar 640 Allergic Reactions

Front 1

What type drug reaction am I:
adverse drug effects that involve immunologic mechanism

Back 1

allergic drug reaction

Front 2

What type of drug reaction am I:
adverse effects not proven to be immune mediated but resemble allergic reactions in their clinical presentation

Back 2

pseudoallergic drug reactions

Front 3

What is the most frequently reported from of allergic drug reaction?

Back 3

dermatologic

Front 4

Are the following allergic or pseudoallergic drug reactions?

dermatitis from sulfonamides
serum sickness from phenytoin
hypotension after protamine

Back 4

allergic drug reactions

Front 5

Are the following allergic or pseudoallergic drug reactions?

shock after radiocontrast media
aspirin induced asthma
opiate related urticaria
flushing after vancomycin infusion

Back 5

pseudoallergic reactions

Front 6

What is platelet activating factor not released by?

Back 6

basophils

Front 7

Do small molecular weight (<10,000 MW) molecules usually induce an allergic reaction?

Back 7

no

Front 8

How large are most drugs?

Back 8

< 1000 MW

Front 9

Is hapten a complete or incomplete antigen?

Back 9

incomplete

Front 10

Is insulin a complete or incomplete antigen?

Back 10

complete

Front 11

This type of allergic drug reaction requires the presence of IgE specific for the drug or portion of drug that becomes a hapten

Back 11

type I

Front 12

This type of allergic drug reacion involves destruction of host cells through cytotoxic reaction

Back 12

type II

Front 13

This type of allergic drug reaction is caused by antigen-antibody complexes formed in the blood

Back 13

type III

Front 14

This type of allergic drug reaction is a delayed type reaction with cell-mediated hypersensitivity

Back 14

type IV

Front 15

urticaria, angioedema and anaphylaxis are what type of allergic drug reaction?

Back 15

type I

Front 16

hemolysis and purpura are what type of allergic drug reaction?

Back 16

type II

Front 17

vasculitis, serum sickness, and urticaria are what type of allergic drug reaction?

Back 17

type III

Front 18

contact dermatitis, exanthematous reactions, and photoallergic reactions are what type of allergic drug reactions?

Back 18

type IV

Front 19

When a type I allergic drug reaction involves multiple organs, what is it called?

Back 19

anaphylaxis

Front 20

What type of drug reaction can do the following:

deposit in tissues causing local and disseminated inflammatory reactions
cause platelet aggregation resulting in microthrombi formation and release of vasoactive mediators
lead to clinical syndromes

Back 20

type III

Front 21

Type IV allergic drug reactions are mediated by what cells?

Back 21

memory T cells (CD4 or CD8)

Front 22

What dermatologic reaction am I:
maculopapular lesions that may progress to irregular target lesions mostly on extremities, torso, and mouth

Back 22

erythema multiforme

Front 23

What reaction am I:
the most common type of severe drug eruption
major form of the erythema multiforme

Back 23

steven-johnson syndrome

Front 24

How much of the body surface area have blisters and target lesions in steven johnson syndrome?

Back 24

10%

Front 25

What drug reaction am I:
uncommon
major form of erythema multiforme
severe, life-threatening mucocutaneous and sytemic reaction

Back 25

toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome

Front 26

How much of the body surface area are covered with blisters in toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome?

Back 26

30% of BSA

Front 27

What are the treatment options for toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome?

Back 27

stop precipitating factor
fluid/electrolyte replacement
infection prevention and treatment
nutritional support
prevention of ophthalmic complications
IV immun globulin, oral corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants

Front 28

To prevent toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome, what drug dose need to be reduced in patients with renal insufficiency?

Back 28

allopurinol

Front 29

this drug has the anaphylactic like reaction called red man's syndrome

Back 29

vancomycin

Front 30

This needs to be done to the infusion rate of vancomycin to prevent red man's syndrome

Back 30

decrease infusion rate

Front 31

What drugs can cause anaphylactoid (anaphylactic like) syndrome?

Back 31

vancomycin
opiates
iodinated radiocontrast agents
amphotericin B
D-tubocurarine

Front 32

What are the clinical manifestations of allergic and allergic like reactions?

Back 32

anaphylaxis
serum sickness
drug fever
drug-induced autoimmunity
vasculitis
respiratory reactions

Front 33

This type of allergic reaction is an acute, life-threatening allergic reaction involving multiple organ systems

Back 33

anaphylaxis

Front 34

What are the drugs commonly reported with anaphylaxis?

Back 34

asa
nsaids
penicillins
insulins

Front 35

Risk of fatal anaphylaxis is greatest within what time?

Back 35

the first few hours

Front 36

How long should patients be observed after an anaphylactic reaction?

Back 36

12 hours

Front 37

If anaphylaxis is caused by an injections, what drug is used to treat it?

Back 37

aqueous epinephrine into site of antigen injection

Front 38

In refractory cases where patients do not respond to epinephrine, what drug can be given?

Back 38

glucagon

Front 39

What class of drugs can be given to reduce risk of recurring or protracted anaphylaxis?

Back 39

corticosteroids

Front 40

What condition am I:
mediated by the deposition of immune complexes in small vessels, activation of complement, and recruitment of granulocytes resulting in erythema on sides of the fingers, hands, and toes and progresses to a widespread eruption

Back 40

serum sickness

Front 41

What agents are associated with serum sickness?

Back 41

antisera - antitoxins and antivenins

Front 42

What agents are associated with serum sickness like reactions?

Back 42

antibiotic therapy

Front 43

What are the drugs that have been reported to cause drug fever?

Back 43

methydopa
procainamide
phenytoin
barbituates
quinidine
antibiotics

Front 44

This reaction is an inflammation and necrosis of blood vessel walls

Back 44

vasculitis

Front 45

What are the drugs that can induce asthma?

Back 45

asa and other nsaids
sulfites

Front 46

What are the factors related to the occurrence or severity of allergic drug reactions?

Back 46

dose
metabolism of drug
route of exposure
sensitivity of individual

Front 47

True or False: children with asthma may be sensitive to asa

Back 47

True

Front 48

Does cox-1 inhibitor cross react with a cox-2 inhibitor?

Back 48

no

Front 49

What are the drugs that cross react with asa?

Back 49

tartrazine dye
indomethacin
phenylbutazone

Front 50

What conditions are associated with NSAIDs sensitivity?

Back 50

pulmonary infiltrates
eosinophilia syndrome

Front 51

This test can predict a relatively high risk of immediate hypersensitivity reaction

Back 51

allergen skin testing

Front 52

What is the only drug which the predictive value of skin testing have been well established?

Back 52

penicillin

Front 53

This technique can be used to help administer penicillin to patients who are allergic to penicillin

Back 53

desesitization

Front 54

This is the most common manifestation of drug-induced skin reactions

Back 54

maculopapular eruptions

Front 55

This type of drug induced skin reaction have lesions resembling measle on the trunk or pressure areas

Back 55

maculopapular eruptions

Front 56

This type of drug induced skin reaction have erythematous or hyperpigmented round or oval lesions that can appear anywhere

Back 56

fixed drug reaction

Front 57

Which skin reaction appears in a few hours to 3 days after ingestion of drug?

maculopapular
fixed

Back 57

maculopapular eruptions

Front 58

Which skin reaction appears within 30 min to 8 hours?

maculopapular
fixed

Back 58

fixed drug eruptions

Front 59

nonimmunologic photosensitivity reaction is called?

Back 59

phototoxicity

Front 60

immunologic photosensitivity reaction is called?

Back 60

photoallergic

Front 61

What are the treatments for photosensitivity?

Back 61

corticosteroids
antihistamines
sunscreen

Front 62

What are the two causes for skin hyperpigmentation?

Back 62

medication
disturbances in melanin production

Front 63

What are the common drugs associated with photosensitivity?

Back 63

NSAIDs
xanax
ACEI
estrogens
sulfa drugs
statins
TCAs

Front 64

nonimmunologic photosensitivity reaction is called?

Back 64

phototoxicity

Front 65

immunologic photosensitivity reaction is called?

Back 65

photoallergic

Front 66

Patients who reported penicillin allergiy and have a + skin test have 8x greater risk of having an allergic reaction to this drug

Back 66

cephalosporin

Front 67

Which of the following are not risk factors for a radiocontrast allergic reaction

previous reaction
atopy/asthma history
women
severe allergy
cardiac disease
treatment with BB
seadfood allergy

Back 67

seafood allergy

Front 68

An allergic reaction to this drug is IgG mediated

Back 68

insulin

Front 69

True or False: negative test means that there is not a risk for an immediate reaction

Back 69

False