Perio- Ch 1 Periodontium Anatomy

Front 1

Periodontium

Back 1

functional system of tissues that surrounds the teeth and attaches them to the jaw bone. AKA attachment apparatus

Front 2

Gingiva

Back 2

tissue that covers the cervical portions of teeth and the alveolar processes of the jaws

Front 3

Periodontal ligamament (PDL)

Back 3

fibers that surround the root of the tooth. These fibers attach to the bone of the socket on one side and the cementum of the root on the other side.

Front 4

Cementum

Back 4

thin layer of mineralized tissue that covers the root of the tooth

Front 5

Alveolar bone

Back 5

bone that surrounds the roots of the teeth. It forms the bony sockets that support and protect the roots.

Front 6

Gingival margin

Back 6

thin, rounded edge of the free gingiva that forms the coronal boundary of the gingiva. In health, it contacts the tooth slightly coronal to the CEJ

Front 7

Alveolar mucosa

Back 7

the apical boundary of the gingiva; dark red, smooth and shiny

Front 8

Free gingival groove

Back 8

a shallow linear depression that seperates the free and attached gingiva. It may or may not be visible clinically

Front 9

Mucogingival junction

Back 9

Clinically visible boundary where pink attached gingiva meets red, shiny alveolar mucosa

Front 10

Free gingiva

Back 10

unattached portion of the gingiva that surrounds the tooth in the region of the CEJ AKA unattched or marginal gingiva

Front 11

Attached gingiva

Back 11

part of the gingiva that is firm, dense, and tightly connected to cementum on the cervical third of the root or to the periosteum (connective tissue cover) of the alveolar bone

Front 12

Stippling

Back 12

dimpled appearance that may be visible on surface of attached gingiva

Front 13

Interdental gingiva

Back 13

portion of the gingiva that fills the interdental embrasure between 2 adjacent teeth apical to the contact area. Consists of 2 interdental papillae

Front 14

Gingival sulcus

Back 14

space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface

Front 15

Gingival crevicular fluid

Back 15

fluid that flows into the sulcus from the adjacent gingival connective tissue

Front 16

Alveolar process

Back 16

the bone of the upper or lower jaw that surrounds and supports the roots of the teeth

Front 17

alveolar bone proper

Back 17

the thin layer of bone that lines the socket to surround the root of the tooth (AKA cribriform plate); the ends of the PDL fibers are embedded here

Front 18

Alveolus

Back 18

the bony socket, a cavity in the alveolar bone that houses the root of the tooth

Front 19

Cortical bone

Back 19

layer of compact bone that forms the hard, outside wall of the mandible and maxilla on the facial and lingual aspects. It surrounds the alveolar bone proper and gives support to the socket.

Front 20

Alveolar crest

Back 20

the most coronal portion of the alveolar process. In health, it is located 1-2 mm apical to the CEJ

Front 21

Cancellous bone

Back 21

Lattice-like bone that fills the interior portion of the alveolar process between the cortical bone and the alveolar bone proper. It is oriented around the tooth to form support for the alveolar bone proper

Front 22

Periosteum

Back 22

Dense membrane composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps the outer surface of alveolar bone.

Composed of outer layer of collagenous tissue, inner layer of fine elastic fibers

Front 23

Anastamose

Back 23

to join together

Periodontium is supplied by a complex system of blood vessels

Front 24

Trigeminal nerve

Back 24

innervates the periodontium

Front 25

Lymphatic system

Back 25

network of lymph nodes connected by lymphatic vessels that plays an important role in defense against infection

Front 26

Lymph nodes

Back 26

small, bean shaped structures located on either side of head, neck, armpits, groin.

Filter out and trap baceria, fungi, and viruses and eliminate them