Perio Chapter 6

Front 1

SUPRABONY POCKETS

Back 1

occurs when there is a horizontal bone loss

Front 2

INFRABONY POCKETS

Back 2

occurs when there is vertical bone loss

Front 3

VIRULENT

Back 3

species of bacteria that are capable of causing disease, another term for pathogenic

Front 4

CELL MEMBRANE

Back 4

a tough protective layer that encloses nearly all bacteria

Front 5

GRAM STAINING

Back 5

a lab method that reveals differences in the chemical and physical properties of bacterial cell membranes

Front 6

GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA

Back 6

stain purple, single thick cell membrane, associated with periodontal health

Front 7

GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA

Back 7

stain red, double cell membranes, believed to play a role in the tissue destruction seen in periodontitis

Front 8

AEROBIC-BACTERIA

Back 8

bacteria that live in the presence of oxygen

Front 9

ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA

Back 9

bacteria that cannot live in the presence of oxygen

Front 10

FACULTATIVE ANAEROBIC BACTERIA

Back 10

bacteria that can exists with or with out oxygen

Front 11

BIOFILM

Back 11

a well organized community of bacteria that adheres to a surface and is embedded in an extracellular slime layer, forms rapidly on almost any surface that is wet

Front 12

EXTRACELLULAR SLIME LAYER

Back 12

a protective barrier that surrounds the mushroom shaped microcolonies and protects them from antibiotics, antimicrobials, and immune response

Front 13

NON-MOTILE

Back 13

bacteria not capable of movement, most bacteria are non motile

Front 14

A.actinomycetemcomitans

Back 14

microorganism strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis. capable of evading host immune response and of destroying gingival connective tissue and bone.

Front 15

T. forsythia

Back 15

microorganism associated with periodontitis, most significant risk factor, most common in periodontal pockets.

Front 16

P. gingivalis

Back 16

found in low numbers in health/gingivitis and in higher numbers in periodontitis. Inhibits the migration of leukocytes across epithelial barrier. Induces elevated host immune response

Front 17

MIXED INFECTION

Back 17

"bacterial soup", perio disease is not caused by one organism, but a mixture

Front 18

TRANSMISSION

Back 18

transfer of perio pathogens from the oral cavity of one person to another

Front 19

COMMUNICABLE

Back 19

a disease that may be passed from one person to another by direct or indirect contact, via inanimate objects

Front 20

ACQUIRED PELLICLE

Back 20

a film that forms over the tooth, composed of a variety of salivary glycoproteins (mucins) and antibodies

Front 21

FIMBRAE

Back 21

hair-like structures found on some bacteria, it enables rapid attachment upon contact with the tooth surface

Front 22

BACTERIAL BLOOMS

Back 22

periods when specific species or groups of species grow at rapidly accelerated rates

Front 23

FLUID FORCES

Back 23

of the saliva surrounding the biofilm, it influences the shape of the biofilm as well as the spatial arrangement of the bacteria inside

Front 24

FLUID CHANNELS

Back 24

penetrate the extracellular slime layer, directs fluids in and around the biofilm, brining nutrients and oxygen, and carrying away wasted products

Front 25

COAGGREGATION

Back 25

the cell-to-cell adherence of one oral bacteria to another

Front 26

TOOTH-ASSOCIATED PLAQUE BIOFILM

Back 26

bacteria that are attached to the tooth surface

Front 27

TISSUE-ASSOCIATED PLAQUE BIOFILM

Back 27

bacteria that are attached to the epithelium

Front 28

UNATTACHED BACTERIA

Back 28

free floating bacteria that are not part of the biofilm

Front 29

VIRULENCE FACTORS

Back 29

mechanisms that enable biofilm bacteria to colonize and invade the tissues of the periodontium

Front 30

PETIDES

Back 30

short chains of amino acids found in living bacterial cell membranes that control the transport of molecules in and out of the bacterial cell

Front 31

EXOTOXIN

Back 31

harmful proteins released from the bacterial cell that act on the host cells at a distance

Front 32

LEUKOTOXIN

Back 32

an exotoxin that may enable bacteria to destroy leukocytes in the sulcus or pocket

Front 33

BACTERIAL ENZYMES

Back 33

agents that are harmful or destructive to host cells

Front 34

DORMANT BACTERIA

Back 34

bacteria in an inactive state in order to survive adverse environmental conditions