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279 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anatomically, where is the pelvis?
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the pelvic is the space or compartment surrounded by the pelvic girdle (bony pelvis), part of the appendicular skeleton of the lower limb
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what is the perineum?
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refers both to the area of the surface of the trunk between the thighs and the buttocks
- extending from the coccyx to the pubis - also includes the anus and external genitalia |
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what the function of the greater pelvis?
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protection to the inferior abdominal viscera
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what is the function of the lesser pelvis?
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provides the skeletal framework for both the pelvic cavity and ther perineum compartments of the trunk
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describe the pelvis externally
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covered or overlapped by the inferior anterlolateal abdominal walls anteriorly, the gluteal region of the lower limb posterolaterally and the perineum inferiorly
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what is the pelvic girdle?
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a basin shaped ring of bones that connects the vertebral column to the two femurs
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what are the functions of the primary functions of the pelvic girdle?
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1. bear the weight of the upper body
2. transfer the weight from the axial to the lower appendicular skeleton 3. provide attachment for the powerful muscles of locomotion and posture |
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what are the secondary functions of the pelvic girdle?
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a. contain and protect the pelvic viscera
b. provide support for the abdominopelvic viscera c. protect inferior abdominal viscera (intestines) d. provide attachment for the erectile bodies e. provide attachment for the muscles and membranes |
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what are the bones of the pelvic girdle?
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Right hip bone
Left hip bone Sacrum |
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What bones form the right and left hip bone?
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ilium
ischium pubis |
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what are the two parts to the ilium?
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ala
body |
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what is the ala of the ilium?
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the wing of the ilium
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what does the body help form?
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acetabulum
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what is the iliac crest?
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the curve the follows the ala between the anterior and posterior iliac spines
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what forms the iliac fossa?
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the anteromedial concave surface of the ala
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what does the sacropelivc surface feature?
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auricular surface
iliac tuberosity |
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what makes of the ischium?
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body
ramus |
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what does the body of the ischium help form?
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acetabulum
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what does the ramus help form?
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the obturator foramen
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what is the ischial tuberosity?
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large posteroinferior protuberance of the ischiam
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what is the ischial spine?
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small pointed posteromedial projection near the junction of the ramus and the body
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what structure lies between the ischial body and the lesser sciatic notch?
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the iliac spine
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which structure lies between the ischial body and the posterior inferior iliac spine?
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greater sciatic notch
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what is the large posteroinferior protuberance of the ischium called?
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iliac tuberosity
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what structure lies between the ischial spine and the ischial tuberosity?
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lesser sciatic notch
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the greater sciatic notch is superior to which structure?
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the ischial body
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which part of the ischium is partly formed by the ilium?
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the greater sciatic notch
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what does the pubis consist of?
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superior pubis rami
inferior pubis rami |
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what part of the pubis helps form the acetabulum?
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superior pubis rami
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what part of the pubis helps form the obturator foramen?
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inferior pubis rami
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what is the thickening of the anterior part of the body of the pubis called?
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pubic crest
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what structure ends laterally as a prominent knob or swelling of the pubic crest?
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pubic tubercle
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what is the oblique ridge of the lateral part of the superior pubic ramus?
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pecten pubis
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what muscle attaches the pubic ramus to the femur?
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pectineus
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what separates the greater and lesser pelves?
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pelvic inlet/ superior pelvic aperature
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what is the bony edge surrounding and defining the pelvic inlet?
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pelvic brim
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what forms the pelvic brim?
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promontory and ala of sacrum
right and left linea terminalis |
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what structure is formed by promontory and ala of sacrum, right and left linea terminalis?
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pelvic brim
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what structure is formed by arcuate line on the inner surface of the ilium, pectin pubis and pubic crest?
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linea terminalis
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what structure is formed by the ischiopubis rami of the two sides?
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pubic arch
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what is formed by the meeting of the two pubic rami as they meet at the pubic arch?
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subpubic angle
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what determines the subpubic angle?
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distance between the right and the left ischial tuberosities
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what structure is bound by the pubic arch anteriorly, ischial tuberosities laterally, inferior margin of the sacrotuberous ligament posterlaterally and posteriorly by the tip of coccyx?
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pelvic outlet
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the pelvic outlet is formed by?
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the pubic arch anteriorly, ischial tuberosities laterally, inferior margin of the sacrotuberous ligament posterlaterally and posteriorly by the tip of coccyx
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what is bound by the iliac alae posterolaterally and anterosuperior aspect of s1 vertebra posteriorly?
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greater pelvis
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what is occupied by abdominal viscera?
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greater pelvis
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what is located between the pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet?
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lesser pelvis
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what is bound by the pelvic surfaces of the hip, bones and coccyx?
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lesser pelvis
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what are the differences between the male and female pelves?
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male pelvis:
pelvic girdle is heavier/thicker; subpubic angle is less than 70 degrees; pelvic inlet is heart shaped and narrow; greater sciatic notch is less than 70 degrees; obturator foramen is round. female pelvic: pelvic girdle is wider, shallower; large pelvic inlet; pelvic inlet is oval and rounded; greater sciatic notch is approx 90 degrees; subpubic angle is greater than 80 degrees; obturator formamen is oval |
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what type of pelvis is the normal type of pelvis for females?
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gynecoid
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what type of pelvis in a woman may present hazards to a successful vaginal delivery to a fetus?
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android
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in forensic science, what is used to determine the sex of a body?
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pelvis
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what is measured by palpating the sacral promontory with the tip of the middle finger, using the other hand to mark the level of the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis on the examining hand?
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diagonal conjugate
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what should be the measured distance to estimate the true conjugate?
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11cm
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what is the narrowest part of the pelvic canal formed by the ischial spines?
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interspinous distance
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what is the approximate distance of the interspinous distance?
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4 in or 10 cm
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what type of fracture is an anterposterior compression of the pelvis that occurs during car accidents?
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pelvic fracture
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what type of fracture commonly produces fracture of the pubic rami?
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pelvic fracture
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in which direction are the acetabulum and ilia compressed toward each other and may be broken?
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laterally
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what fractures are almost always multiple fractures or a fracture combined with a joint dislocation?
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Fractures of the bony pelvic ring
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Forces transmitted from lower limbs during falls on the feet cause what?
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Pelvic fractures
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What are weak areas of the pelvis?
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Pubic rami
Acetabulum Region of the sacroiliac joints Alae of the ilium |
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What may be ruptured and torn during pelvic fractures?
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Urinary bladder and urethra
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At what age may an individuals acetabulum be fractured through the tritadiate cartilage into its three developmental parts.
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Less than 17
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What are primary joints of the pelvic girdle?
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Sacroiliac joints
Pubic symphysis |
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What joints are directly related to the pelvic girdle?
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Lumbrosacral joint
Sacrococcygeal joint |
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What are joints and ligaments of the pelvic girdle?
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Lumbosacral joint
Sacroiliac joint Sacrococcygeal joint Pubic symphysis |
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What joint is between the L5 vertebra and the base of the the sacrum?
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Lumbosacral joint
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What joint is joined by an intervertebral disk and supported by the iliolumbar ligaments?
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Lumbosacral joint
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What is a defect allowing part of the vertebral arch to be separated from its body?
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Spondylolysis
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What is the process of separation of the vertebral body from part of its vertebral arch beating the inferior articular processes?
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Spondylolysis of the L5 vertebra
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The process do sliding of the body of the L5 vertebrae anteriorly on the sacrum is that it overlaps the sacral promontory?
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Spondylolisthesis
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What may cause compression of spinal nerves that causes low back pain or lower limb pain?
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Intrusion of the L5 body into the pelvic inlet
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What type of MRI would be used to verify an intrusion of the L5 body into the pelvic inlet?
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Sagittal
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What type of the into is the sacroiliac joint?
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Synovial joint
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What is an irregular plane type joint between the articular surfaces of the sacrum and ilium?
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Sacroiliac joint
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What joint is covered by cartilage and is supported by the anterior, posterior, and interosseous sacroiliac ligaments?
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Sacroiliac joint
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What joint transmits the weight of the body to the hip bone?
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Sacroiliac joint
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What transforms the sciatic notch of the hip bone into a large sciatic foramen?
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Sacrotuberous ligament
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What lies between sacrum and coccyx to the ischial spine, further subdividing this foramen into greater and lesser sciatic foramina?
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Sacrospinious ligament
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What is a cartilaginous or fibrocartilaginous joint between the pubic bones in the median plane?
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Pubic symphysis
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What joint consists of a fibrocartilaginous interpubic disc and surrounding ligaments?
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Pubic symphysis
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In which is the fibrocartilaginous interpubic disk (fid) larger?
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Women
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What connects the superior aspects of the pubic symphysis?
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Superior pubic ligament
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What forms the apex of the pubic arch?i
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Inferior (arcuate) pubic ligament
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What is a cartilaginous joint between the sacrum and coccyx?
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Sacrococcygeal joint
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What joint is reinforced by the anterior, posterior, and lateral sacrococcygeal ligaments?
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Sacrococcygeal joint
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What increases in size of females during pregnancy?
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Interpubic disks
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What causes the pelvic ligaments to relax during the latter half of pregnancy?
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Relaxin
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How much of an increase in diameters is permitted by the relaxation of sacroiliac joints and the public symphysis for passage of the fetus through the pelvic canal?
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10-15%
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What diameter remains unaffected?
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True (conjugate) diameter tween the sacral promontory and posterosuperior aspect of pubic symphysis
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What causes the change in the center of gravity?
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Relaxation of sacroiliac ligaments causes the relaxation of the sacroiliac joint
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What contains the terminal parts of the ureters and the urinary bladder?
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Pelvic cavity
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What contains the rectum?
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Pelvic cavity
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What contains the pelvic genital organs?
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Pelvic cavity
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What contains loops of the small intestines, mainly the ileum?
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Pelvic cavity
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What contains the large intestines (appendix and transverse and/or sigmoid colon)?
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Pelvic cavity
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What is limited inferiorly by the musculofascial pelvic diaphragm?
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Pelvic cavity
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What is suspended above the pelvic outlet, forming a bowl-like pelvic floor?
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Musculofascial pelvic diaphragm
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What is limited posteriorly by the coccyx and inferiormost sacrum?
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Pelvic cavity
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What forms the roof over the posterior half of the pelvic cavity?
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Superior part of sacrum
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What forms the anteroinferior wall of the pelvic cavity?
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The bodies if the public bones and the pubic symphysis
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What has an anteroinferior wall, two lateral walls, a posterior wall and a floor?
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Pelvic cavity
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What is formed primarily by the bodies and the rami of pubic bones and the public symphysis?
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Anteroinferior pelvic wall
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What participates in beating the weight of thine urinary bladder?
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Anteroinferior pelvic wall
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What is formed by the right and left hip bones?
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Lateral pelvic wall
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What covers and pads most of the lateral pelvic walls?
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Fleshy attachments of the obdurate internus
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What converges posteriorly, becomes tendinitis, and turns sharply laterally to pass from the lesser pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen to attach to the heater trochanter of the femur?
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Obturator internus muscle
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What wall consists of a bony wall, musculoligamentous posterolateral walls and piriformis muscles?
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Posterior wall of pelvic cavity
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What is formed by the anterior sacroiliac, saris pinkos and sacristy erode ligaments and piriformis muscles?
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Musculoligamentous posterolateral wall
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What muscles arise from the superior sacrum, lateral to its pelvic foramina?
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Piriformis muscles
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What muscles pass laterally, leaving the lesser pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen to attach to the superior border of the heater trochanter of the femur?
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Piriformis muscles
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What us formed by the bowl- or funnel- shaped pelvic diaphragm?
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Pelvic floor
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What consists of the coccygeus and legato rani muscles and the fascias covering the superior and inferior aspects of these muscles?
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Pelvic diaphragm
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What separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum?
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Pelvic diaphragm
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What lining of the abdominal cavity continues inferiorly into the pelvic cavity but does not reach the pelvic floor?
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Parietal peritoneum
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Except for the ovaries and the uterine tubes, what are not completely end heather by the peritoneum?
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Pelvic viscera
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What are intraperitoneal and suspended by a mesentery?
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Uterine tubes
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What are covered by a special, relatively dull epithelium of cuboidal cells?
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Ovaries
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What are suspended in the peritoneal cavity by a mesentery?
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Ovaries
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What allows for the bladder to expand between the abdominal transversalis fascia and the parietal peritoneum of the inferior part of the anterior abdominal wall?
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Loose connective tissue
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What is characteristic of the region superior to e bladder?
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Only site where the parietal peritoneum is not firmly bound to the underlying structures
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What is a depression formed where the peritoneum reflects onto the superior surface of the bladder?
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Supervesical fossa
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What creates a paravesicalar fossae on each side of bladder in a female?
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Peritoneal Perimetrium
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What reflects from the bladder roof onto the body of the uterus forming vesicouterine pouch in a female?
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Peritoneal Perimetrium
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What covers the body and fungus f the uterus and posterior fornix of vagina in a female
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Peritoneal Perimetrium
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What extends laterally from uterus as double fold or mesentery broad ligament that engulfs uterine tubes, ovaries, and round ligament of uterus in a female?
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Peritoneal Perimetrium
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What forms a rectouterine pouch of Douglas?
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Peritoneal Perimetrium
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What extends laterally and posteriorly to form para recital fossae on each side of rectum?
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Rectouterine pouch of douglas
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What engulfs the sigmoid colon beginning at recto sigmoid junction in a female?
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Peritoneal Perimetrium
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What is the lowest portion of the peritoneal cavity?
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Ecto uterine pouch
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What can collect fluid and cells from peritoneal cavity?
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Ecto uterine pouch?
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What is aspiration of fluid from the cul de sac of douglas by a needle puncture of the posterior vaginal fornix near the midline between the uterosacral ligaments?
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Culdocentesis
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A 29 year old woman with a. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy is admitted to a hospital for culdocentesis. A long needle on the syringe is most efficiently inserted through which of the following structures?
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Posterior fornix of the vagins
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What is a double peritoneal fold that extends between the uterus and the lateral pelvic wall on each side, forming a partition that separates the paravesical fossae and paratectal fossae on each side?
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The broad ligament of the uterus
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What separates the paravesical fossae and paratectal fossae?
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The broad ligament of the uterus
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What descends in the posterior surface oh bladder as much as 2 cm in males?
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Peritoneal Perimetrium
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What folds over the ureters, ductus deferans and superior ends of seminal glands?
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Ureteric fold
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What extends laterally and posteriorly to form the paratectal fossae on each side of the rectum in males?
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Rectovesical pouch
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What is sub peritoneal and then retro peritoneal in males?
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Rectum
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What engulfs the sigmoid colon beginning at the rectosigmoid junction in males?
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Peritoneal Perimetrium
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What is regarded as the male equivalent of the bread ligament?
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Ureteric fold
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What separates the paravesical and paratectal fossae in males?
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Ureteric fold
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What commonly covers the superior ends or superior posterior surfaces of the seminal glands and ampullae of the ductus deferns?
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Peritoneum
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What connective tissue occupies the space between the membranous peritoneum and the muscular pelvic walls and flor not occupied by the pelvic viscera?
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Pelvic fascia
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What are the two types of pelvic fascia?
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Membranous Pelvic Fascia
Endopelvic Fascia |
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How many parts does the membranous pelvic fascia have?
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2
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What are the two type of membraneous pelvic fascia?
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Parietal
Visceral |
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What is a membranous layer of variable thickness that lines the inner aspect of the muscles forming the walls and floor of the pelvis?
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Parietal part
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What covers the pelvic surfaces of the obituary or internus, piriformis, coccygeus, levator ani and part of the urethral sphincter muscles?
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Parietal part
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What is a continuous bilateral band running from the pubis to the sacrum along the pelvic floor adjacent to the viscera?
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Tendinous arch of pelvic fascia
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What connects the prostate to the pubis in the male?
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Puboprostatic ligament
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What connects funded of the bladder to the pubis in the female?
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Puboprostatic ligament
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What attaches the prostate in males or the vagina in females to the scrotum around the side of the rectum?
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Sacrogenital ligaments
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What is the abundant connective tissue remaining between the parietal and visceral membranous layers?
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Extraperitoneal or subperitoneal Endopelvic fascia
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What is the purpose of the presence of theme loose connective tissue in the space between the pubis and the bladder anteriorly and between the sacrum and the rectum posteriorly?
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Accommodate the expansion of the urinary bladder and rectal ampulla as they fill
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What is the hypogastric sheath?
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The passage to essentially all the vessels and nerves passing from the lateral wall of the pelvis to the pelvis viscera, along with the ureters and in the male the ductus deferns
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What is known as the lateral cervical or mackenrodt ligament?
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Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligament
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The passes immediately inferior to the uterine arteries on each side of the cervix heading anteriorly toward the bladder?
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Ureters
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What is the function if the perineal muscles?
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To provide dynamic support for the uterus by contracting during moments of increased intro-abdominal pressure (sneezing, coughing, etc)
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What are he two pathways from the pelvis into the gluteal region and perineum?
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Greater sciatic notch and greater sciatic foramen
Lesser sciatic notch and lesser sciatic foramen |
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What is located above the pelvic diaphragm?
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Pelvic cavity
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What is located below the pelvic diaphragm?
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Perineum
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What are he boundaries of the pelvic cavity?
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Posterior wall- sacrum and piriformis
Lateral wall - hip bones below the iliopectineal line and obturator internus Anterior wall - pubis and public symphysis Interior wall - muscular pelvic diaphragm (levator ani + coccygeus muscle) |
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What is the triangular muscle of the pelvic wall?
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Piriformis
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What stretches from the ventral surface of sacrum to the greater trochanter of femur?
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Piriformis
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What separates the greater sciatic foramen into regions?
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Piriformis
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What nerves innervate the piriformis?
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Ventral rami of (L5) S1-S2 spinal nn.
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What is the flat, fan shaped muscle of the pelvic wall?
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Obturator internus
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What stretches from obturator membrane to greater trochanter of femur?
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Obturator internus
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What passes throb the lesser sciatic foramen?
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Obturator internus
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What nerve inter ages the obturator internus?
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N. To obturator internus (L5-S1)
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What muscles make up the levator ani?
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Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus Iliococcygeus |
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What nerve innervates the pelvic diaphragm?
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Ventral rami of (S2) S3-S4
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What supports the abdominopelvic viscera?
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Levator ani
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What are the functions of the levator ani?
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Actively contract during forced expiration, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, and fixation of trunk during strong movements of upper limbs
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What maintains fecal continence immediately after rectal filling, and during peristalsis?
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Puboerectalis
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What relaxes during urination and defecation?
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Levator ani
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What surrounds and supports the urethra, vagina, and anal canal?
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Pubococcygeus
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What is the result of weak or damaged...?
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Urinary stress incontinence
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What are the unisex organs of the pelvis?
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Ureter
Bladder Urethra Rectum |
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What type of muscle is the external anal sphincter?
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Striated
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What kind of muscle is the internal anal sphincter?
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Smooth
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What attaches the body of the uterus to the lateral pelvic wall?
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Broad ligament
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What attaches the uterine body to the labium majus?
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Round ligament (remnant of gubernaculum)
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What connects the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall?
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Suspenseful ligament of ovary
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What connect the uterus to the ovary?
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Utero-ovarian ligament
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What connects the ovary to uterus (broad ligament)?
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Mesovarium
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What connects the mesovarium to the uterine tube?
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Mesosalpinx
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What connects the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall?
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Cardinal ligament = transverse cervical ligament
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The ductus deferans are also known as...
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Vas deferans
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What is the total length of seminiferous tubules?
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200-400 meters (1000 feet)
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What is the daily sperm production?
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~ 100 mil to 150 mil
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How much sperm is ejaculated?
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80-800 mil
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What is the length of the epididymis ?
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6 m or 20 ft
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What is located in the perineum, but not the pelvis in makes?
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Bulbourethral gland
Sphincter urethrae |
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What are the three differ et directions of force in pelvic fractures?
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Lateral compression
Anteroposterior compression Vertical shear forces |
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What is caused by heavy impact to the groin (pubis)?
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Open book fracture
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What causes the a-p separation of pelvis bones?
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Open book fracture
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What hasa. High mortality rate, owing to increased rate of infection and rupture of blood vessel?
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Open book fracture
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What is a common motorcycling accident?
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Open book fracture
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What is common in sides impact automobile accidents and pedestrian injuries?
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Lateral compression
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What can internally rotate the pelvis?
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lateral compression fracture
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What can cause an anterior fracture of pubic rami?
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Lateral Compression fracture
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What causes the disruption of ligaments/bones for. Shear force injury?
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Lateral compression fracture
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What is involved in an unstable pelvic fractures?
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Posterior sacroiliac. Complex
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What fracture can cause partial or complete disruption of the posterior sacroiliac joint
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Unstable pelvic fracture
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What is caused by an unstable pelvic hip fracture?
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Rotation and vertical instability of hip
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Automobile accidents, fall from a height or sever compression can cause:
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Unstable pelvic fractures
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What is the perineum?
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The diamond shaped space inferior to pelvic diaphragm?
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What are subdivisions of the perineum?
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Anal triangle -posterior
Urogenital triangle - anterior |
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What are the boundaries of the perineum?
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Anterior -pubic symphysis
Posterior - coccyx Lateral - ischial tuberosity Lateral margins - ischiopubic rami (a), sacrotuberous (p) Roof - levator ani |
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What has a free posterior border that attaches medially to perineal body and laterally to pubic arch?
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Perineal membrane
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What does the deep perineal pouch contain?
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Skeletal muscles, nerves and blood vessels
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What is pierced by urethra in both sexes and vagina in females?
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Perineal membrane
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What are the boundaries of the anal triangles?
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Ischial tuberosity - a
Coccyx - p Sacrotuberous ligament - lateral Levator ani - roof |
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Where is the ischio anal fossa?
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In the anal triangle
Located between ischiopubic rami and rectum/anal canal |
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What is the medial wall of the ischio anal fossa?
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Levator ani
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What is the lateral wall of the ischio anal fossa?
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Ischium, obturator internus, sacrotuberous ligament
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What are boundaries of the urogenital triangle?
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Lateral - ischiopubic rami
Posterior - ischial tuberosity Anterior - Pubic symphysis Roof - levator ani |
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What are the contents of the deep perineal pouch?
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Bulbourethral glands of Cowper - male
Sphincter urethrae - male and females Sphincter urethrovaginalis - female |
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What are the contents of the superficial perineal pouch?
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Superficial transverse perineum m
Greater vestibular gland of bartholin - female External genitalia and associated muscles Branches of pudendal n. And internal pudendal a/v |
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What three structures form the urogenital triangle?
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External genitalia
Corpus cavernosum Corpus spongiosum |
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What does the external genitalia consist of?
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Right and left crus which is surrounded by ischicavernosus muscle
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What makes up the corpus cavernosum?
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Body of penis
Body and glans of clitoris Which are surrounded by the bulbospongiosus muscle |
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What makes up the corpus spongiosum?
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Body and glans of penis
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Which muscles are contained in the superficial perineal pouch?
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Ischiocavernosus - crura penis/clitorus
Bulbospongiosus - bulbs of vestibule (female) or corpus spongiosum (male) Superficial transverse perineum m. |
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What nerve innervates the ischicavernosus, bulbospongiosus, and superficial transverse perneus?
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Pudendal n. (S2-S4)
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What is the function of the ischiocavernosus?
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Move blood from crura into the body of the erect penis/clitoris
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What moves blood from attached part of penis/clitoris to glands and removes residual urine from urethra after urination and pulsatile emission of semen during ejaculation?
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Bulbospongiosus
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What stabilizes the perineal body?
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Superficial transverse perineus
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What is covered by the ischiocavernosus m.?
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Corpus cavernosum
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What is the dorsal parts of the penile shaft?
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Corpus cavernosum
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What encloses the urethra?
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Corpus spongiosum
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What is the ventral part of the penile shaft?
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Corpus spongiosum
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What tissue is covered by the bulbospongiosus ?
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Corpus spongiosum
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What is formed by paired corpora cavernosa and single corpus spongiosum?
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Penis
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What is formed by two crura and bulb of penis?
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Root of penis
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What is formed by free parts of corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum?
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Body of penis
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In which direction diesel corpus spongiosum expand to form glans of penis?
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Distally
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What covers the dorsal part of the clitoral body?
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Corpus cavernosum
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What joins anteriorly together to form the glans clitoridis?
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Corpus cavernosum
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What is I covered by the bulbospongiosum muscle?
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Bulb of vestibule
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What is formed by paired corpora cavernosa and glans clitoridis?
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Clitoris
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What is formed by two crura?
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Root of clitoris
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What is formed by free parts of the corpora cavernosa a female?
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clitoris
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What are not part of the root, body of clitoris and gland clitoridis?
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Bulbs of vestibule
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What artery supplies the perineum?
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Internal pudenal artery
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What nerve supplies the skin if the penis and scrotum, or of clitoris and labia majora?
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External pudendal artery
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What artery supples the anal canal?
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Inferior rectal
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What artery supplies the structures inferior to perineal membrane?
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Perineal artery
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What artery is the continuation of internal pudendal a after it's perineal branch?
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Artery of penis
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What artery supplies the bulb of the penis?
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Artery of bulb
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What artery supplies the crus of penis and corpus cavernosum?
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Deep artery of penis
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What artery supplies non erectile tissues of penis and glans penis?
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Dorsal artery of penis
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What artery is the continuation of internal pudendal artery after it's perineal branch in a female?
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Artery of clitoris
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What supplies the bulb of the vestibule?
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Artery of bulb
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What supplies the crus of clitoris and corpus clitoridis?
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Deep artery of clitoris
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What supplies non erectile tissue of clitoris and glans clitoridis?
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Dorsal artery of clitoris
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What vein does not have a corresponding artery?
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Deep dorsal vein
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What vein runs along the dorsal midline between dorsal artery of penis/clitoris?
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Deep dorsal vein
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All of the following statements concerning the pelvic cavity are correct except:
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The musculofascial pelvic diaphragm closes the pelvic inlet
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What drains glans and corpora cavernosa of phallus?
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Deep dorsal vein
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All of the following bones contribute to the formation of the pelvic cavity except
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Coccyx
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Which of the following structures is located between the ischial spine and the ischial tuberosity?
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Lesser sciatic notch
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The lateral part of the superior ramus of the pubis forms which of the following structures?
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Pectin pubis
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All of the following provide boundaries for the pelvic inlet except
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Inferior ramus of the pubis
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Where does the perineum lymphatic drainage occur?
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Internal iliac nodes
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Where does the lymph from the superficial penis, clitoris, scrotum and labia majora drain
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Superficial inguinal nodes
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Where does the lymph for the glans penis, gland clitoridis, labia minora and terminal inferior end of vagina?
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Deep inguinal nodes and external iliac nodes.
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Where does the lymph for. The testes drain to?
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Lateral aortic and pre aortic nodes?
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What are caused by enlarged sub mucosal veins"
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Ano-rectal hemorrhoids?
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What is a common cause for passing blood during and after defecation?
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Ano-rectal hemorrhoids
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the uvula of the bladder is located in which of the following locations?
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trigone of the bladder
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parasymp fibers to the bladder are derived from which of the following nerves?
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pelvic splanchnic
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which of the following parts of the male urethra is the widest and most dilatable?
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prostatic
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which of the following structures opens into the prostatic sinus?
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prostatic ductules
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The paraurethral glands open into what structure?
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prostate
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Seminal vesicles do not empty where?
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bulbourethral glands
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