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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the consequences of poor dental hygiene |
1. caries
2. gingiviits 3. plaque- biofilm of bugs, spit, and desquamated epithelium 4. calculus: mineralized plaque 5. meth mouth 6. periodontitis AND 2 more! |
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what are..
1. caries 2. gingivitis |
1. Carie- cavity. carbs, bacteria, acid. prevent with brushing/flouride/decrease carbs in diet
2. gingivitis: inflammaiton of gums |
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periodontitis is a disease of the ligament that holds the tooth to the alveolar bone. your teeth can fall out and hte normal flora changes as a result. what are the...
1. assoications 2. complicaitons |
**its NOT the same as gingivitis
inflammation of periodontal lig (the lig that holds the face bone to the cementum on the tooth) 1. AIDS, leukemia, Chrons, DM, Downsyndrome, agranulocytosis, defective granulocyte fx 2. . endocarditis, brain abcess, preg defects, increased risk of all cancaers |
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what is assoicated with:
AIDS Leukemia Chrons DM Downs Syndrome agranulocytosis defective granulocytes what can be a complication of this disease |
periodontitis
**can cause: infective endocarditis, brain abcess, adverse pregnancy outcomes **DONT confuse with gingivitis, this is a defect int eh periodontal lig that attaches tooth cementum to the alv bone |
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what is meth mouth
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meth has HCL in it and dissolves enamel
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what is a...
1. Irritation fibroma 2. pyogenic granuloma 3. peripheral ossifying fibroma 4. giant cell epulus |
1. irritation fibroma- when you bite your cheek over and over
2. Pyogenic granuloma- mouth lesion in kids nad pregnant women, it bleeds lots. minsomer, no granulation, no pyogenic infection 3. peripheral ossifying fibroma: a pyogenic granuloma can turn into this. common in young teen girls. prone to recur. excise to periosteum. can lead to malocclusion 4. giant cell epulus is in the gingiva |
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what is it called when
you are pregnant and you get this sore in your mouth that bleeds found in the gingiva you bite your cheek over and over comes from a pyogenic granuloma or not and is common in young girls. they recurr and need to be excised to periosteum |
1. pyogenic granuloma
2. giant cell epulus 3. irritation fibroma 4. peripheral ossifying fibroma |
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whats an apthous ulcer
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cancker sore
**common if you eat choc and walnuts **unknown cause common with Bechet syndrome, SLE painful, shallow |
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what is the shallow painful oral ulcer that has unknown cause but is associated with Bechet syndrime, IBD, SLE, and changes in diet
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apthous ulcer
*apthous ulcer major- several, seen in HIV |
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what is glossitis
associatesion |
beefy red tongue, papillae atrophy, thin mucosa (Fe, B12, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine)
Associations: sprue (celiac, fe deficit) plummer vinson/paterson kelly syndromes: Fe deficit, esophageal webs, glossitis |
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what might be the presentation of a deficit in:
Fe , B12, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine |
glossitis- beefy red tongue
seen in sprue and plummer vinson/patterson kelly syndroms |
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plummer vinson
paterson kelly |
glossitis bc of deficit in B12 Fe riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine
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This patient presents with complaints of weakness,
lethargy and fatigue. • On physical examination, she exhibits pale conjunctiva, glossitis, cheilosis (inflammation corners of mouth), stomatitis (inflammation mouth). • Initial labs are Hb 4.4 gm (12‐14); Hct 15.6%; MCV 52 (80‐100); MCH 28.4; MCHC 14. • What is the most likely diagnosis? • What additional labs should be ordered? Serum iron <10ug/dL (low) • TIBC 511 ug/dL (high) • Serum ferritin 2 ng/mL (low) • B12 207 pg/mL (normal) • What is the diagnosis? • What is the most likely cause? • Patient has a history of heavy menses. |
Fe deficit anemia (microcytic)
ferratin, TIBC Fedeficit anemia bc of heavy menses **in cases of anemia the tongue w/glossitis might not be so beefy red, it is lacking RBC but the mucosa will be thin |
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75 y/o female
• This patient c/o exertional dyspnea and fatigue. PE shows pallor and glossitis. • CBC: WBC 1,200 5,000‐10,000 Hb 8.2 gm/dl 13.5‐16 Hct 25% MCV 125 80‐100 Platelets 120,000 150,000+ • CBC morphology: macro‐ovalocytes, anisocytosis and hypersegmented neutrophils • What is the most likely diagnosis? Serum B12 64 pg/mL (low) • Folic acid 8.2 ng/mL (normal) • LDH 639 U/L (<200) • Patient treated with parenteral B12. • Six days later: • Reticulocytes: 100,000/μL (baseline 27,500) • Hct 36% • MCV 100 • WBC 3800 • Platelets 145,000 |
megaloblastic anemia, B12 or folate (glossitis shows more redness, ulcers)
B12 confirmed |
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38 y/o female admitted with dysphagia. Her
tongue showed patchy denudation of glossitis. • Endoscopy revealed a tumor at the gastroesophageal junction 7x4 cm that biopsied was found to be invasive intestinal pattern adenocarcinoma of the stomach. There was gastritis and absence of parietal cells in the adjacent stomach consistent with atrophic (autoimmune) gastritis. She took vitamins. • Hb, Hct were normal; MCV 104 (80‐100). Patient underwent gastrectomy and resection of the distal 5cm of esophagus with Roux‐en‐Y end to end anastomosis of distal esophagus to jejunum. Mixed pattern signet ring and intestinal adenocarcinoma infiltrated transmurally, invaded lymphatics and the esophagus and was metastatic to 13 of 22 regional lymph nodes. Tumor subsequently metastasized to the liver and the patient died in 4 mon. • Serum B12 was low at 115 pg/ml ( >200). Why wasn’t she anemic? • What is the etiology of her B‐12 deficiency? • What factor(s) are related to the cause of her gastric carcinoma? • What is the stage/prognosis of her gastric carcinoma at time of diagnosis? Could it have been found earlier? |
glossitis: ddx, Fe, B12 (and other B vits)
parietal cells make IF to abs B12 No anemia bc of vitamins- folate covered the B12 deficit Cause of Gastric Cancer??? advanced gastric cancer |
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is black hairy tongue caused by pooy hygein
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this and a ton of others
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what oral diseases are caused by HSV
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acute herpetic gingivostomatitis
-vesicular *primary infections acquired 2-4 yo + Tzanck test Recurrent Herpetic Stomatitis- cold sore. reactivatio nwith stress, UV light, URI, trauma. can be in lip mouth nose |
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what causes acute herpetic gingivostomatitis
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kisses from g-ma with HSV I or II
+Tzanck test |
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when is the Tzanck test +
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in HSV oral lesions- primary gingivostomatitis, recurrent herpetic stomatitis
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what causes deep fungal infections
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immunosuppressed, HIV, transplants, cancer therapy
**mucor and Rizopus thrush |
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what is thrush assoicated with, what is the morphology
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candida, HIV, chemo, baby,
white pseudomembrane that scrapes off |
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A 58 y/o previously healthy man had
received penicillin and an opiate for a toothache of 2 days duration. He returned less than 24 hrs later reporting severe swelling in the neck, sore throat, chills, and chest pain. On examination, the floor of his oral cavity was indurated and woody, and he had marked tenderness and adenopathy throughout his neck. He had erythema spreading from his neck down over his anterior chest wall where his chest pain was localized (Panels A and B). Diagnosis |
DX: Lugwig angina (cellulitis --> necrotizing fascitis), complicating dental
caries |
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whats the cause and clincal course of ludwigs angina
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Infection in submental, sublingual, submandibular space. from oral infection of molars
rapid progression to hemodynamic instability and airway obstruction **The patient was admitted and underwent extensive surgical débridement. He recovered after a stay in the intensive care unit. fever, swelling, voice changes. medical/surgical emergency. lugwigs angina. its a necrotizing fascitis. cen get into carotids. |
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what is teh oral infection that goes from molar infection (sub-mental, lingual, or mandibular) to airway obstruction in the blink of an eye
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ludwaigs angina
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