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54 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Where do benign tumors & malignant tumors develop in the parotid gland?
Benign--> superficial lobe
Malignant --> Deep lobes
What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve?
1. Temporal
2. Zygomatic
3. Buccal
4. Marginal mandibular
5. Cervical
What is the path that the parotid duct takes?
Passes anterior to masseter --> goes through buccal fat pad --> Empties into parotid papilla = 2nd maxillary molar
What is the most superficial plane --> deepest plane associated w/ the parotid gland?
Most superficial = Nervous plane --> Venous plane --> Arterial plane =Deepest
Where does your facial nerve come out of?
Stylomastoid foramen of temporal bone
What 2 veins drain into retromandibular vein?
1. Superficial temporal vein
2. Maxillary vein
Retromandibular vein splits into which 2 branches?
1. Posterior branch
2. Anterior branch
Which 2 veins drain inot external jugular vein?
1. Posterior auricular vein
2. Posterior branch of retromandibular vein
Which 2 veins drain into internal jugular vein?
1. Common facial vein
2. Anterior branch of retromandibular vein
Retromandibular vein is deep to what?
Facial nerve
What effect does sympathetic innervation have on parotid gland?
Sympathetics cause vasoconstriction of blood flow --> get a more viscous secretion from parotid gland (less saliva)
Preganglionics come from? Enter where? Synapse where? and hitch-hike w/ what?
Preganglionics come from spinal cord & enter sympathetic chain --> synpase at cervical ganglion --> postganglionics hitch-hike w/ arteries
Secretion of parotid gland is stimulated by what part of the nervous system?
Parasympathetic
What is the pathway of preganglionics to the parotid gland?
Glossopharyngeal (IX) --> tympanic branch --> tympanic plexus --> lesser superficial petrosal nerve
Where do the preganglionic parasympathetics to the parotid gland synapse?
Lesser superficial petrosal nerve synapses at OTIC GANGLION
What is the pathway of postganglionic parasympathetics to parotid gland?
Otic ganglion --> hitch-hike w/ Auriculotemporal nerve (mandibular branch of V)
All parasympathetics hitch-hike w/?
Divisions of CN V (trigeminal)
Where does glossopharyngeal nerve come from?
Jugular foramen
Tympanic branch enters where?
middle ear
Lesser superficial petrosal nerve exits where?
Foramen ovale
Sensation from parotid gland by which 2 nerves?
1. Great auricular
2. Auriculotemporal
(pain travels over these fibers)
If you give an injection too far back and hit the parotid gland what symptoms will patient experience?
Temporary paralysis of facial muscles on that side
What are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
1. Opthlamic nerve
2. Maxillary nerve
3. Mandibular nerve
Anything derived from 2nd arch is innervated by which nerve?
Facial nerve
What lies ANTERIOR to parotid gland? (3)
1. Masseter
2. Ramus of mand
3. Medial pterygoid
What lies POSTERIOR to parotid gland? (3)
1. Mastoid process
2. SCM
3. Posterior belly of the digastric
What lies MEDIAL to parotid gland? (9)
1. Styloid process
2. Stylopharyngeus
3. Styloglossus
4. Stylohyoid
5. Superior pharyngeal constrictor
6. Palatine tonsil
8. Ascending pharyngeal & palatine arteries
9. Carotid sheath
WHat lies SUPERIOR to parotid gland? (3)
1. External auditory meatus
2. Zygomatic arch
3. TMJ
Forehead region consists of? (3)
1. Glabella
2. Supercilliary arches
3. Frontal eminances
Zygomatic area consists of? (4)
1. Maxilla
2. Frontal
3. Temporal
4. Zygomaticofacial foramen
What makes up the ROOF of the orbit? (1)
Frontal bone
What makes up the LATERAL wall of the orbit? (2)
1. Zygomatic bone
2. Greater wing of sphenoid
What makes up the FLOOR of the orbit? (1)
Maxilla
What makes up the MEDIAL wall of the orbit? (4)
1. Maxilla
2. Lacrimal bone
3. Ethmoid bone
4. Lesser wing of sphenoid
What are the orbital openings? (8)
1. Supraorbital notch/foramen
2. Infraorbital notch/foramen
3. Optic canal
4. Superior orbital fissure
5. Inferior orbital fissure
6. Post & ant. ethmoidal foramina
7. Zygomatic canal
8. Nasolacrimal duct
What bones make up the NASAL region? (5)
1. Nasal bones
2. Perpendicular plate of ethmoid
3. Vomer
4. Anterior nasal spine
5. Nasal conchae- superior, middle & inferior
In the embryo, the FRONTAL PROMINENCE gives rise to?
Frontal prominence = Opthalmic division of V (V-1)
in the embryo, the MAXILLARY PROCESS gives rise to?
Maxillary process = Maxillary division of V (V-2)
In the embryo, the 1st PHARYNGEAL ARCH gives rise to?
1st pharyngeal arch = Mandibular division of V (V-3)
What are the branches of the opthalmic division of V? (5)
1. Supraorbital nerve
2. Supratrochlear nerve
3. Lacrimal nerve
4. Infratrochlear nerve
5. External nasal branch of anterior ethmoidal nerve
What are the branches of the maxillary division of V? (3)
1. Infraorbital nerve
2. Zygomaticofacial nerve
3. Zygmomaticotemporal nerve
What muscles do the temporal & posterior auricular branches of VII innervate?
1. Auricular muscles- ant, sup, post
2. Occipitofrontalis
What are the orbital muscles? (3)
1. Orbicularis oculi
2. Procerus
3. Corrugator supercilii
What is the innervation to the orbital muscles?
Zygomatic & buccal branches of Facial nerve
What are the nasal muscles? (3)
1. Nasali muscle
-Compressor naris
-Dilator naris
2. Depressor septi
3. Procerus
What is the innervation to the nasal muscles? (3)
Zygomatic & Buccal branches of Facial
The LOWER group of oral muscles consists of? (3)
1. Depressor anguli oris
2. Depressor labii inferioris
3. Mentalis
The UPPER group of oral muscles consists of? (5)
1. Risorius
2. Zygomaticus major & minor
3. Levator labii superioris
4. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
5. Levator angular oris
Obicularis oris is innervated by?
Buccal branches of Facial
These symptoms would indicate?
-Drooling
I-nability to smile, whistle or blow
-Drooping of upper eyelid & everted lower eyelid
-Inability to blink or close eye
Facial nerve palsy
What are the branches of the facial artery? (5)
1. Angular artery
2. Lateral nasal branch
3. Septal branch
4. Superior labial artery
5. Inferior labial artery
What are the anastomoses of the Facail artery? (5)
1. Buccal branch of maxillary
2. Transverse facial (superficial temporal)
3. Infraorbital (maxillary)
4. Dorsal nasal branch of ophthalmic
5. branches of facial arteries across midline
What communications are near the Danger zone? (3)
1. Superior & inferiior ophthalmic veins
2. Facial vein
3. cavernous sinus
What are the 5 layers of the scalp?
1. Skin
2. CT
3. Aponeurosis
4. Loose CT
5. Pericranium