Organic Chemistry

Front 1

Arrhenius

Back 1

Acid ionized in water to produce protons and a base produces hydroxide ions.

Front 2

Sigma Bond

Back 2

Bond in which the orbitals overlap along a line connecting the atoms.

Front 3

Hund's Rule

Back 3

Each orbital is single occupied before any one is double occupied.

Front 4

Structure vs. Acidity

Back 4

-Strength of the bond to the atom from which the proton is lost.
-The electronegativity of the atom from which the proton is lost.
-Changes in electron delocalization on ionization.

Front 5

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Back 5

-We can't tell exactly where an electron is but we can tell where it is most likely to be.

Front 6

Boundary Surfaces

Back 6

Enclose the region where the probability of finding an electron is on the order of 90-95%.

Front 7

Inductive Effects

Back 7

Electronic effect transmitted by succesive polarization of the sigma bonds within a molecule or an ion.

Front 8

Ionization Energy

Back 8

Amount of energy needed for an atom to lose one of its electrons.

Front 9

Stronger Acid + Stronger Base >>>>>>>>Weaker Acid + Weaker Base

Back 9

The reaction is favorable when the stronger acid is on the left and the weaker acid is on the right.

Front 10

Dipole

Back 10

Centers of positive and negative charge that are separated from each other.

Front 11

Electron Affinity

Back 11

Energy caused by the addition of an electron to an atom.

Front 12

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Back 12

Two electrons may occupy the same orbital only when they have opposite or paired spins.

Front 13

Principal Quamtum Number

Back 13

Specifies the shell, is denoted by the period or row of the periodic table.

Front 14

Electrophiles

Back 14

Lewis Acids

Front 15

Nucleophiles

Back 15

Lewis' Bases