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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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use the VSEPR model to predict the bond angles about each atom of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in these models. a)CH3CH=CH2 CH3 l b) CH3NCH3 |
a) 109.5 CH3CH=CH2 120 CH3CH=CH2 b) 109.5 (All 4) CH3 l CH3NCH3 |
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list the four principal elements that make up organic compounds |
CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen) |
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draw the line angle formula, condensed structural formula, and molecular formula for ethane, labeling which is which |
_____ line angle formula CH3CH3 condensed formula C2H6 molecular formula |
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Draw and name the two constitutional isomers of C4H10 |
A) C-C-C-C butane B) CH3 l CH3-CH-Ch3 2-methylpropane |
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Correctly name the following compounds: A) B) C) |
a) 2,4-dimethylhexane b) 4-tertbutyl-2-methyl-heptane c) 2,2-dimethyl-4-4-dimethylpentane or 2,2,4,4, tetramethyl pentane |
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draw the correct line-angle structure of 8-ethyl-2-3-dimthyldecane |
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the following are incorrect IUPAC names of compounds. Write the correct IUPAC names. a) 1,3-dimethylbutane b) 2-ethyl-3-methylpentane |
a) 2-methylpentane b) 3,4- dimethylhexane |
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what type of isomers are the following molecules to each other? Name the molecules A) B) |
A) Cis-1,3-dimethyl cyclobutane B) Trans-1,3 dimethyl cyclobutane |
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following is a chair conformation of cyclohexane with carbon atoms numbered I-6. Draw methyl groups that are equatorial on carbons 1,2 and 4. |
, |
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would methylcyclopentane show cis-trans isomerism? Explain your answer. |
No. requires at least 2 substituted groups for cis/trans isomerism |
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Name these alkyl groups: A) CH3CH2- B) CH3 l CH3C- l CH3 |
A) ethyl B) tert-butyl |
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True or false: Propyl and isopropyl groups are constitutional isomers. Explain your answer if you write false. |
True |
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Draw expanded structural formulas of the two possible constitutional isomers of dichloroethane |
A) H H l l H-C-C-Cl l l H Cl B) Cl Cl l l H-C-C-H l l H H |
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How many hydrogens are in cyclooctane? |
16 |
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How many electrons are in the valence shell of each of the following atoms (use the periodic table) A) carbon B) Fluorine |
A) 4 B) 7 |
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write the general formula for: A) alkanes B)cycloalkanes |
A) CnH2n+2 B)CnH2n |
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is cis-trans isomerism possible in alkanes? Explain your answer |
No. all single bonds have free rotation |
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what structural feature of cycloalkanes make cis-trans isomerism possible? |
Rigid ring structure |
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what are the two major conformations of cyclohexane? Which is the most energetically stable (i.e., the preferred conformation)? |
chair- most stable Boat |
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write the IUPAC names for isobutane and isopentane |
2-methylpropane 2-methylbutane |
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why is it not accurate to describe an unbranched alkane as a "straight chain" hydrocarbon? |
more than 2 carbon atoms, cannot lie in a "straight line" to each other due to geometry of bonds attached to carbon |
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arrange these alkanes in order of increasing boiling points 2methylbutane, pentane, and 2,2-dimethylpropane |
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alkanes are also known as saturated hydrocarbons. Explain why |
all 4 bond positions on carbon are filled |
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would cis=1,2-dichloropentane or trans-1,2-dichloropentane be the preferred isomer of this molecule? Explain your reasoning |
bit of a trick question. these are non cyclic alkane and will not have genuine cis/trans isomerism. However the two chlorine atoms will try to maximize their distance from each other |
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true or false: melting points and boiling points of alkanes increase with increasing carbon chain length. |
true |
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what two reference hydrocarbons are used for setting the scale of octane ratings? |
2,2,4-trimethylpentane heptane |
