Oral Pathology Chapter 3

Front 1

Acute Inflammation

Back 1

limited in area and duration
characterized by the cardinal signs of inflammation

Front 2

Cardinal signs of inflammation

Back 2

Redness
Heat
Swelling
Pain
Loss of function

Front 3

resolution

Back 3

reversal of the inflammatory process with return to normal

Front 4

repair

Back 4

healing of the damaged area

Front 5

microcirculation

Back 5

delivery of fresh blood to the smallest blood vessels, present in the vasculature embedded within organ tissues

Front 6

vasoconstriction

Back 6

immediate constriction of the microcirculation comprising the arterioles, capillaries, and venules. constriction is very brief lasting several minutes or less
serves the purpose of controlling bleeding, especially in small injuries

Front 7

chemical mediators

Back 7

substances that start the inflammatory process

Front 8

vasodilation

Back 8

increase in diameter

Front 9

hyperemia

Back 9

increase in blood, more blood

Front 10

permeable

Back 10

having pores or openings that permit liquids or gases to pass through

Front 11

plasma fluid

Back 11

fluid in vessels that flows out and into the area where injury occurred.
necessary to clear the area of dead or injured cells and any foreign material that entered

Front 12

exudate

Back 12

fluid that came from the blood vessels into the injured tissue

Front 13

serous exudate

Back 13

thin and clear exudate with few cells (for example blisters)

Front 14

vascular stasis

Back 14

slowing of the blood through the vessels in the affected area

Front 15

leukocytes

Back 15

white blood cells

Front 16

endothelium

Back 16

lining of the vessels

Front 17

margination

Back 17

movement toward the endothelial cells

Front 18

adhesion or pavementing

Back 18

process of white blood cells sticking to the enothelium

Front 19

transmigration or emigration

Back 19

when the white blood cells are firmly attached to endothelial cells and they squeeze through the gaps between the cells in the vessle wall

Front 20

chemotaxis

Back 20

The characteristic movement or orientation of an organism or cell along a chemical concentration gradient

Front 21

opsonization

Back 21

event that enables the leukocytes to destroy and remove resistant organizms

Front 22

opsonins

Back 22

chemical substances that prepare resistant organisms for destruction

Front 23

immunoglobulins

Back 23

a type of opsonin
natural antibodies produced by the immune system

Front 24

phagocytosis

Back 24

when leukocytes ingest and digest foreign matter

Front 25

granlocytes

Back 25

one class of leukocytes
include polymorphonuclear neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Front 26

agranulocytes

Back 26

leukocytes that include lymphocytes and monocytes

Front 27

mast cell

Back 27

not a leukocyte, but does exhibit some of the same properties of a basophil
very important to the immune system

Front 28

polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)

Back 28

most active granulocyte in the inflammatory process

Front 29

motile phagocytes

Back 29

phagocyte that can move independently within the tissues and carry out the process of phagocytosis of whatever material they are sent to eliminate

Front 30

basophil

Back 30

play a role in inflammation related to allergic reactions

Front 31

eosinophil

Back 31

plays a role in inflammation related to allergic reactions. also active in fighting of parasitic infections.

Front 32

monocyte

Back 32

a type of white blood cell

Front 33

macrophage

Back 33

white blood cells within tissues, produced by the division of monocytes

Front 34

lymphocyte

Back 34

leukocytes found in the lymph system

Front 35

histamine

Back 35

an important chemical mediator

Front 36

lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Back 36

component of all gram negative bacterial cell walls

Front 37

serotonin

Back 37

preformed chemical mediatory that is released from platelets in response to platelet-activating factor

Front 38

platelet-activating factor (PAF)

Back 38

derived from the cellmembranes of neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, monocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells

Causes the aggregation of platelets and release of serotonin from the platelets

Front 39

prostaglandins

Back 39

cause vasodilation, increase vascular permeability, and increased feelkings of pain

type of synthezised chemical mediator

synthezided by all types of leukocytes

Front 40

leukotrienes

Back 40

a type of synthezised chemical mediator
increase vascular permeability and act as chemotactic agents to bring inflammatory cells into an area

synthezided by all types of leukocytes and mast cells

Front 41

test

Back 41

test