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33 Cards in this Set

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The crest of the wave causing tides. Another name for a tidal bore. (Not a tsunami or seismic sea wave.)
Tidal Wave
Long-wavelength shallow-water wave caused by rapid displacement of water. See also seismic sea wave.
Tsunami
A time of no tide-induced currents that occurs when the current changes direction
slack water
Tsunami caused by displacement of the Earth along a fault. (Earthquakes and seismic sea waves are caused by the same phenomenon.)
seismic sea wave
Water rushing into an enclosed harbor or bay because of the rise in sea level as a tide crest approaches
Flood Current
A tidal cycle of two high tides and two low tides each lunar day, with the high tides of nearly equal height
semidiurnal tide
Water rushing out of an enclosed harbor or bay because of the fall in sea level as a tide trough approaches
ebb current
Tide caused by gravitational and inertial interaction of moon and Earth
lunar tide
The point in the orbit of a satellite farthest from the main body; opposite of perigee.
apogee
The low water position corresponding to a tidal trough
low tide
The high water position corresponding to a tidal crest
high tide
The time of greatest variation between high and low tides occurring when Earth, moon, and sun form a straight line. Spring tides alternate with neap tides throughout the year, occurring at two-week intervals
Spring tide
A wave in which water oscillates without causing progressive wave forward movement. There is no net transmission of energy in a standing wave
Standing Wave
The height of the ocean surface averaged over a few years time.
mean sea level
A complex tidal cycle, usually with two high tides and two low tides of unequal height per day.
mixed tide
The point in the orbit of a satellite where it is closest to the sun; opposite of aphelion.
perihelion
The time of smallest variation between high and low tides occurring when Earth, moon, and sun align at right angles. Neap tides alternate with spring tides, occurring at two-week intervals.
neap tide
A "no-tide" point in an ocean caused by basin resonance, friction, and other factors around which tide crests rotate. About a dozen amphidromic points exist in the world ocean. Sometimes called a node.
amphidromic point
A tide influenced by the weather. Arrival of a storm surge will alter the estimate of a tide's height or arrival time; as will a strong, steady onshore or offshore wind
meteorological tide
The line or point of no wave action in a standing pattern. See also amphidromic point.
Node
The point in the orbit of a satellite where it is farthest from the sun
aphelion
A tidal cycle of one high tide and one low tide per day
Diurnal Tide
Model of tides that takes into account the effects of finite ocean depth, basin resonance, and the interference of continents on tide waves
dynamic theory of tides
Idealized model of tides that considers Earth to be covered by an ocean of great and uniform depth capable of instantaneous response to the gravitational and inertial forces of the sun and moon
equilibrium theory of tides
The point in the orbit of a satellite where it is closest to the main body; opposite of apogee.
perigee
Tide caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the sun and Earth
Solar Tide
Pendulum-like rocking of water in an enclosed area; a form of standing wave that can be caused by meteorological or seismic forces, or that may result from normal resonance excited by tides
seiche
An unusual rise in sea level as a result of the low atmospheric pressure and strong winds associated with a tropical cyclone. Onrushing seawater precedes landfall of the tropical cyclone and causes most of the damage to life and property.
Storm surge
A high, often breaking wave generated by a tide crest that advances rapidly up an estuary or river
Tidal Bore
Mass flow of water induced by the raising or lowering of sea level owing to passage of tidal crests or troughs. See also ebb current; flood current.
Tidal Current
Periodic short-term change in the height of the ocean surface at a particular place, generated by long-wavelength progressive waves that are caused by the interaction of gravitational force and inertia. Movement of Earth beneath tide crests results in the rhythmic rising and falling of sea level.
Tide
The reference level (0.0) from which tidal height is measured
Tidal Datum
The difference in height between consecutive high and low tides
Tidal Range