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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of nutrition?
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the science of foods and the substances they contain
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Define diet?
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the term that refers to the food and beverages a person eats, drinks, and/or consumes
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What is the number one factor when it comes to food choice?
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taste
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What are functional foods?
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provide health benefits beyond their nutrient contributions; they are usually modified
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What are examples of functional foods?
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low fat foods
OJ with calcium |
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Define nutrients
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chemical substances obtained from foods and used by teh body to provide energy, structural materials, growth, maintenance/repair, and disease prevention
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What are the six classes of nutrients?
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proteins, carbs, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water
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Which nutrients are considered inorganic?
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minerals and water
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What are essential nutrients?
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nutrients that must be obtained from food
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Define a calorie?
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the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degrees celcius
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How many calories are in 1g of carbohydrates?
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4kcal/g
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How many calories are in 1g of proteins?
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4kcal/g
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How many calories are in 1g of fat?
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9kcal/g
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What is energy density?
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measure of the energy a food provides relative to the amount of food (kcals/gm)
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What is a cross-sectional study?
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Epidemiological
Researchers observe how much/what kinds of foods groups of people eat and how healthy those people are |
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What is a case control study?
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Epidemiological
researchers compare people who do and do not have a condition/disease, closely matching them for age/gender/key variables so that differences in other factors stand out |
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What is a cohort study?
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where researchers analyze data from a select group of people at intervals over a period of time
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What is a laboratory-based animal study?
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Where researchers feed animals special diets that provide/omit nutrients and then observe their health changes
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What is a laboratory-based in vitro study?
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where researchers examine the effects of a variable on tissue, cells, or molecules from living organisms
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What is a human intervention study?
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researchers ask people to adopt a new behavior to determine the effectiveness of such interventions on the development/prevention of disease
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What are DRIs?
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a set of nutrient intake values for healthy people in teh US/Canada
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What are EARs? (estimated average requirements)
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nutrient amount that maintains specific biochemical or physiological funtion in half the people of a certain given gender/age
only represents one day |
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What is the RDA?
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Recommended Dietary Allowance
average daily nutrient amount considered adequate to meed the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy Americans Meets requirements for 98% of population |
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What is the AI (average intake)?
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average intake of a nutrient that appears sufficient to maintain a specific criterion
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What is the UL?
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Upper Limit
maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people |
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When is someone considered to be malnourished?
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when there is an altered state of nutrition
you can be over/under nourished to be considered malnourished |
