Nutrition Final

Front 1

The amount of heat energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1000g (1 Liter ) of water 1 degree celcuis

Back 1

kcal

Front 2

recommended daily calories

Back 2

2000 kcal

Front 3

how many calories per gram of lipids

Back 3

9 kcal

Front 4

How many calories per gram of carbs?

Back 4

4 kcal

Front 5

How many kcal per gram of protein?

Back 5

4 kcal

Front 6

Alcohol provides how many kcal per gram?

Back 6

7 kcal

Front 7

Any substance that contains carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms in the chemical strcture.

Back 7

Organic

Front 8

Measurement of body weight and the lengths, circumferences, and thicknesses

Back 8

anthropometric assssment

Front 9

involves measurement of the concentrations of nutrients and nutrient by-products in the blood, urine, and feces and of specific blood enzyme activities

Back 9

dietary assessment

Front 10

general appearance of skin, eyes and tongue, evidence of hair loss, etc

Back 10

clinical assessment

Front 11

occus when nutrient intake does not met nutrient needs

Back 11

under nutrition

Front 12

prolonged consumption of more nutrients than the body needs

Back 12

over nutrition

Front 13

recommended daily allowance

Back 13

RDA

Front 14

a close look at a person's diet, including a record of at least the previous few days food intake, to determine problem areas

Back 14

dietary assessment

Front 15

background analysis, provides further details about the ability to purchase and prepare foods needed to maintain health

Back 15

economic assessment

Front 16

is determined by comparing its vitamin or mineral content with the amount of calories it provides

Back 16

Nutrient density

Front 17

6 oz per day
serving size - yo yo

Back 17

grains

Front 18

2 1/2 cups per day
seving size- tennis ball

Back 18

fruits

Front 19

3 cups per day

Back 19

milk

Front 20

5 1/2 oz per day
serving size - deck of cards

Back 20

meat & beans

Front 21

food labels are regulated by

Back 21

FDA

Front 22

blood leaves the heart via _____

Back 22

arteries

Front 23

blood returns to the heart via

Back 23

veins

Front 24

path food travels in digestion

Back 24

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines

Front 25

produces bile to aid in digestion

Back 25

liver

Front 26

stores, concentrates, and later releases bile into the small intestines

Back 26

gallbladder

Front 27

secretes lipase for fat digesting

Back 27

pancreas

Front 28

secretes trypsin for protein digesting

Back 28

pancreas

Front 29

secretes biocarbonate sodium to neutralize acid

Back 29

pancreas

Front 30

most digestion and absorption occurs in the

Back 30

small intestines

Front 31

mixture of stomach secretions and partially ingested food formed in the stomach

Back 31

chyme

Front 32

located at the base of the stomach, controls the rate at which the chyme is released into the small intestines

Back 32

pyloric sphincter

Front 33

digestive enzyme for digesting protein secreted by the stomach

Back 33

pepsin

Front 34

a moistened mass of food swallowed from the mouth into pharynx

Back 34

bolus

Front 35

muscular contraction used to propel food down the gastrointestinal tract

Back 35

peristalsis

Front 36

starch digesting enzyme in salivary glands

Back 36

amylase

Front 37

prevents contents of the large intestine from reentering the small intestine

Back 37

ileocecal sphincter

Front 38

name the 3 monosaccharides

Back 38

glucose, fructose, galactose

Front 39

glucose is also known as

Back 39

dextrose

Front 40

main monosaccharide found in the body

Back 40

glucose

Front 41

simple sugar units that serve as the basic unit of all carbohydrate structures

Back 41

monosaccharides

Front 42

formed when two monosaccharides bond

Back 42

disaccharides

Front 43

glucose and fructose

Back 43

sucrose

Front 44

glucose and galactose

Back 44

lactose

Front 45

glucose and glucose

Back 45

maltose

Front 46

monosaccharides and disaccharides are both

Back 46

simple sugars

Front 47

complex carbohydrates (starch)

Back 47

polysaccharides

Front 48

may contain 1000 or more glucose units

Back 48

polysaccharides

Front 49

good sources of soluble fiber

Back 49

citrus fruit, apples, bananas, oat products, carrots, barley, beans

Front 50

recommended daily intake for fiber

Back 50

men- 38g/day
women- 25g/day

Front 51

a disease that interferes with the metabolism of phenylalanine.

Back 51

PKU- phenylketonuria

Front 52

people with this disease need to avoid aspartame. A warning is required on all food labels containing aspartame.

Back 52

PKU- phenylketonuria

Front 53

the inability for one's body to digest lactose

Back 53

lactose intolerance

Front 54

insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset diabetes

Back 54

type 1

Front 55

which type of diabetes usually occurs over 40 yrs of age

Back 55

type 2

Front 56

most common type of diabetes

Back 56

type 2

Front 57

% of all cases of diabetes is this type

Back 57

type 2

Front 58

abnormally high ketone bodies in the urine

Back 58

ketosis

Front 59

a long chain of carbons bonded together and flanked by hydrogens

Back 59

fatty acid

Front 60

contains no carbon-carbon double bonds

Back 60

saturated fatty acids

Front 61

contains carbon double bonds,

Back 61

unsaturated fatty acid

Front 62

one double bond

Back 62

monounsaturated

Front 63

two or more of the bonds between the carbons are double bonds

Back 63

polyunsaturated

Front 64

the process of adding hydrogen atoms to a chain to create a more saturated chain therefore turning oil into lard

Back 64

hydrogenation

Front 65

digests fat in the stomach

Back 65

lipase

Front 66

primary site for fat digestion

Back 66

small intestine

Front 67

building block of protein

Back 67

amino acid

Front 68

elements found in proteins

Back 68

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfer

Front 69

what food provides all of the essential amino acids?

Back 69

animal protein

Front 70

name of the type of protein that provides all of the essential amino acids

Back 70

complete protein

Front 71

your body needs how many different amino acids

Back 71

20

Front 72

how many nonessential amino acids are there

Back 72

11

Front 73

enzyme that digests protein in the stomach

Back 73

pepsin

Front 74

protein digesting enzyme secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine

Back 74

trypsin

Front 75

a disease occuring in the first born child after the second child is born

Back 75

kwashiorkor

Front 76

disease resulting from consuming a grossly insufficient amount of protein and calories

Back 76

marasmus

Front 77

a buildup of excess fluid in extracellular spaces

Back 77

edema

Front 78

an example of just one amino acid out of order

Back 78

sickle cell disease

Front 79

a chemical bond formed between amino acids in a protein

Back 79

peptide bond

Front 80

how much protein is required for body weight

Back 80

0.8 grams per kilogram

Front 81

preformed A: found in fish and organ meats

Back 81

retnoids

Front 82

provitamin A found in plants that contain pigments, and can be turned into vit. A

Back 82

carotnoids

Front 83

dry eye

Back 83

xerophthalmia

Front 84

2nd leading cause of blindness

Back 84

vitamin A defiencies

Front 85

vitamin that is also a hormone

Back 85

vit D

Front 86

sources of vitamin D

Back 86

fatty fish, fortified milk and cereals

Front 87

vitamin D deficiency causes

Back 87

softening of bone tissue, may cause osteomalacia or rickets

Front 88

functions as an antioxidant and manages and regulates free radicals

Back 88

vitamin E

Front 89

vital in blood clotting

Back 89

vitamin K

Front 90

important to take during pregnancy to prevent neural tube detect

Back 90

folate or folic acid

Front 91

disease caused by vitamin c deficiency

Back 91

scurvy

Front 92

disease caused by niacin deficiency

Back 92

pellagra

Front 93

disease caused by thiamin deficiency

Back 93

beri beri

Front 94

% of body is water

Back 94

50% - 70%

Front 95

intracellular and extracellular ions

Back 95

sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphate,

Front 96

how much water do you need a day?

Back 96

men- 15 cups
women- 11 cups

Front 97

major mineral is required in the diet in what amount?

Back 97

greater than 100 mg/day

Front 98

trace minerals required in the diet in what amount?

Back 98

less than 100 mg/day

Front 99

How much soduim does average american eat daily?

Back 99

2300-4700/day

Front 100

How much soduim do we need per day?

Back 100

1500mg/day

Front 101

how much calcuim needed per day

Back 101

1000-1200mg/day

Front 102

good sources of selenium

Back 102

fish, organ, meats, eggs

Front 103

sources of iron

Back 103

meats, seafood, peas, broccoli

Front 104

Iron deficiency causes _____.
Who is most at risk for it?

Back 104

anemia
women, children, elderly

Front 105

mineral that helps prevent goiters in the thyroid

Back 105

Iodide

Front 106

how much water do you need a day?

Back 106

men- 15 cups
women- 11 cups

Front 107

major minerals are required in the diet in what amount?

Back 107

greater than 100 mg/day

Front 108

trace minerals are required in the diet in what amount?

Back 108

less than 100 mg/day

Front 109

How much soduim does average american eat daily?

Back 109

2300-4700/day

Front 110

How much soduim do we need per day?

Back 110

1500mg/day