Nutrition Chapter 8

Front 1

function of calcium

Back 1

bone structure, muscle contraction, nerve functioning, RBC clotting, blood pressure, immune defenses

Front 2

toxicity symptoms of calcium

Back 2

constipation, urinary tract stones, kidney dysfunction, interference of absorption

Front 3

sources of calcium

Back 3

milk and milk products, oysters, small fish, leafy greens, broccoli, legumes

Front 4

functions of sodium

Back 4

maintain normal fluid balance, acid-base balance, nerve impulse transmission

Front 5

food sources of sodium

Back 5

salt, soy sauce, seasoning, processed foods, condiments, fast food

Front 6

toxicity of sodium

Back 6

hypertension-high blood pressure

Front 7

functions of potassium

Back 7

making protein, fluid balance, electrolyte balance, support cell structure, nerve impulses, muscle contraction

Front 8

food sources of potassium

Back 8

all whole foods: meats, milk, fruit, vegetables, grains, legumes

Front 9

functions of iodine

Back 9

thyroid hormone thyroxine contains iodine, and helps regulate growth, development, and metabolic rate

Front 10

food sources of iodine

Back 10

iodized salt, seafood, bread, plants grown in most parts of country and animals that are fed those plants

Front 11

deficiency symptoms of iodine

Back 11

goiter: the thyroid gland enlarges in order to trap as much iodine as possible
cretinism: iodine deficiency during pregnancy that causes retardation in the infant

Front 12

functions of iron

Back 12

carries oxygen in blood, part of hemoglobin and myoglobin, required for cellular energy metabolism

Front 13

food sources of iron

Back 13

red meats, fish, poultry, shellfish, eggs, legumes, green leafy vegetables, dried fruits

Front 14

deficiency symptoms of iron

Back 14

anemia: weakness, fatigue, pale skin, headaches, lowered cold tolerance

Front 15

toxicity symptoms of iron

Back 15

iron overload: fatigue, abdominal pain, infections, liver injury, joint pain, bloody stools, skin pigmentation

Front 16

boosts iron absorption

Back 16

heme iron found in meats is more readily absorbed boosts absorption of nonheme iron found in plants, vitamin C also boosts,

Front 17

impairs iron absorption

Back 17

tannins in tea/coffee, phosphorus and calcium in milk, phytates found in cereals, and legumes(lightly processed)

Front 18

food sources of zinc

Back 18

protein-containing foods: meats, fish, shellfish,poultry, grains, yogurt

Front 19

functions of zinc

Back 19

make parts of cell genetic material, form part of heme, assist pancreas, metabolize carb, proteins, and fats, and liberate vitamin A from storage in liver

Front 20

food sources of selenium

Back 20

seafoods, organ meats, other meats, whole grains, vegetables

Front 21

deficiency symptoms of zinc

Back 21

malnutrition, diarrhea, vitamin deficiency, impairs immune system

Front 22

food sources of fluoride

Back 22

drinking water if flouridated, tea, seafood

Front 23

roles of water in body

Back 23

carries nutrients, solvent for minerals, vitamins, amino acids, glucose, cleanses, part of chemical reactions, lubricant, protection, temp regulation

Front 24

water needs

Back 24

men: 13 C
women: 9 C

Front 25

dehydration signs

Back 25

thirst lags behind lack of water, if you are thirsty you are already dehydrated

Front 26

roles of water

Back 26

carries nutrients in body, solvent for minerals, vitamins, amino acids, glucose, cleanses, part of chemical reactions, lubricant, protection as cushion for joints, temp regulation

Front 27

water needs for men and women

Back 27

men need 13 C
women need 9 C

Front 28

thirst

Back 28

thirst lags behind water needs, body has already lost up to 2 C of total fluid, if ignored may progress to dehydration

Front 29

difference between hard and soft water

Back 29

hard water-high in calcium and magnesium
soft water-high in sodium

Front 30

quality of water

Back 30

public drinking water is held to a min. standard of cleanliness
bottled water-25% drawn from tap, one third is contaminated

Front 31

difference between surface and groundwater

Back 31

surface water-flows from lakes, rivers, reservoirs, contains more pesticides and contaminants, but they are broken down more quickly
groundwater- taken from aquifers deep in ground, contaminants break down more slowly

Front 32

risk factors for osteoporosis

Back 32

twice as common in women, small frame, White, Southeast Asian, sedentary lifestyle

Front 33

prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

Back 33

prevention: adequate calcium and vitamin D especially before age 30
treatment:drugs interfering with bone breakdown