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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The three macronutrients: their two major uses.
Name the Macronutrients First function of the macronutrients Second function of macronutrients |
1. Carbohydrate 2. Protein 3. Fats/Lipids
Provide energy Serve as building blocks for our own body structure |
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What do carbohydrates provide in order for our body to make energy?
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Simple sugar units or multiples of these units
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Using laymen’s terms complete the following conversation between a health care practitioner and his or her client.
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Client: What is a carbohydrate? Is it sugar or starch or something different?
HP: Carbohydrates are ... a term for the groups of food made up of sugars, starches and dietary fiber. Client: So how do they provide us with energy? HP: Carbohydrates … are made up of long chain sugars that the body must first break down into sugar molecules which provide us energy over a sustained period of time. Your body uses carbohydrates (carbs) to make glucose which is the fuel that gives you energy and helps keep everything going. Your body can use glucose immediately or store it in your liver and muscles for when it is needed. |
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Will a cup of common tea with milk but no sugar still provide a person with simple carbohydrates? Why?
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Yes, because the milk has lactose in it (Sugar such as sucrose naturally occurs in milk products).
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In what way does fibre differ from glycogen and starch?
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a) The bonds between the glucose molecules in fibre cannot be broken down by our digestive enzymes
b) It is not absorbed. |
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a. What is the name of the complex carbohydrate that is the principle energy source for the body?
b. Name FIVE foods rich in this carbohydrate. |
Starch;
Rice, wheat, potatoes, peas and beans. |
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a. What is the name of the compound in the body that is the storage form of glucose?
b. What TWO locations is this carbohydrate stored in the body? |
Glycogen;
The liver and the muscles |
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Which type of fibre is involved in the lowering of blood cholesterol?
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Those with the ability to bind bile salts
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Which macronutrient is the primary fuel for the brain?
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Carbohydrate
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The process of digestion breaks carbohydrates down to what basic units?
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Glucose molecules.
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In which area of the digestive tract does the greatest amount of digestion of sugars occur?
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Small intestines.
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Name TWO organs that secrete substances involved in carbohydrate digestion.
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The mouth, stomach, pancreas
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What is correct term used when referring to sugar in the blood called?
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Blood glucose/glucose
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What is the name of the substance that activates the uptake of glucose from the blood into cells for the production of energy?
Where is this substance produced in the body? |
Insulin from the pancreas
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What would the end result be for levels of sugar in the blood from the following chain of events?
1. High ingestion of sugar 2. Rapid rise in blood sugar level 3. Rapid output of insulin |
Low sugar in the blood from the high levels of insulin (rebounding levels)
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What percentage of total calories should an individual with normal dietary requirements consume in carbohydrates?
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The World Health Organisation recommends between 50% and 70% from complex CHO’s 0% and 10% for simple CHO’s.
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If a food has a gylcaemic index of 70% what does this mean?
Refer to Focus Point 3 (page 35 of your Nutrition Foundations text) |
The rate of absorption of this food is 70% as fast as glucose (which has a rate of 100%). Therefore the sugars in this food are rapidly absorbed into the blood. This may be an undesirable effect in terms of blood sugar balance in the body.
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a. If a person requires a slow constant source of energy in their diet which end of the glycaemic index would you recommend food from?
b. Provide FIVE examples of actual foods that are suitable for individuals with hypoglycaemia. |
a. Low (below 50) to moderate (50-70) glycaemic foods.
b. Foods with a rating of up to and no greater than 70 from the sheet. |
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Yoghurts: Which yoghurt is healthiest?
a. Do all yoghurts have acidophilus in them? b. Of those with acidophilus, which note that, the product is made from a culture of bacteria? (NB those that don’t you cannot be sure that the acidophilus isn’t just added later) |
a. No.
b. Very few |
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Labeling laws dictate that a product made in Australia must list the ingredients of a product in order of the ingredient in the greatest quantity to the least.
a) Using the label how far down the ingredients list is the fruit that the label says it is made of? |
Often very far down suggesting very little fruit content
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