Nutrition 2 Definitions

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Nutrition

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The sum of all processes by which an
organism takes in and assimilates food,
including digestion and absorption for
promoting growth, maintenance, and
reproduction.

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Maintenance

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Portion of food nutrients which support
bodily processes which go on whether
or not new tissues or products are
being formed.

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Growth

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Increase in weight or size
- may or may not include an adjustment for composition

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Hyperplasia

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Increase in cell number
- prenatal or fetal growth

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Hypertrophy

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Increase in cell size
- postnatal growth

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Absorption

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Passage of food or nutrients from the
GI tract into the blood stream and its
distribution.

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Metabolism

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Sum of all biochemical processes that
nutrients undergo to furnish energy and
build new tissues.

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Anabolism

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Build up (of tissues)

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Catabolism

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Break down (of nutrients)

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Physiological State

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The condition or state of the body or
bodily functions

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Balanced Ration

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1) The diet contains amounts of nutrients
such that the animal’s health and
performance will not be constrained by the
nutrient
2) There will be no detrimental effects on the
environment by the nutrient
3) Cost of the ration will be controlled

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Factors Affecting Nutrient Utilization

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1) Age
2) Stage of production
3) Genetics
4) Environment
5) Anatomy
6) Health status
7) Physical form of the diet

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Growth Curves

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Animal Response in Relationship to Intake of an Essential Nutrient

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