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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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physical assessment facial appearance and eyes |
FVD- sunken eyes |
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physical assessment oral cavity |
FVD - dry, sticky mucous membranes |
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physical assesment thirst |
increase in plasma osmolality, water pulled from cells, thirst stimulated in the hypothalamus |
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physical assessment skin turgor |
FVD- skin flattens slowly tongue FVD- tongue is smaller with longitudinal furrows |
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physical assessment capillary refill |
normal color returns within 1-2 seconds |
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physical assesment tearing |
decreased production with FVD |
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physical assessment edema |
localized/dependent lower extremeties or presacral anasarca- generalized |
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physical assessment pulmonary edema |
shift of fluid from pulmonary interstitium and air spaces affects gas exchange dyspnea - shortness of breath anxiety pink frothy fluid use of accessory muscles to breath (shoulders, abdomen) |
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physical assessment neuromuscular irritability |
electrolyte imbalances chvesteks sign- facial nerve (tap face in certain area) trousseaus sign -hand (hypocalcemia) deep tendon reflexes |
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physical assessment body temperature |
dehydration causes hypothalamus to regulate heat elevated in hypernatremia d/t excessive water loss |
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physical assessment pulse |
tachycardia and weak pulse - FVD bounding - FVE |
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physical assessment respirations |
breathing |
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metabolic acidosis |
deep, rapid respirations |
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metabolic alkalosis |
slow, shallow respirations |
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hypo/hypercalemia and hypermagnesemia |
weakness/paralysis |
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physical assessment blood pressure |
normal 120/80 increase intravascular volume- hypertension decrease- hypotension |
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urine volume |
1500 mL per day low urine- FVD high urine - FVE |
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urine concentration |
specific gravity-relative proportion of dissolved solids to total volume of solution |
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normal urine concentration |
compares urine with distilled water (1.000_ normal 1.003-1.035 |
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osmolality |
number of particles per unit |
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body weight measurement rapid variations in weight reflect body fluid volume changes |
weight loss/gain- 1kg (2.2 lbs) 1 liter aka weight loss/gain 1 lbs - 500 mL |
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long term weight variations reflect tissue mass as well as body fluid volume |
excess of 3400 calories - 1 lb tissue mass |
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lab values serum potassium |
3.5-5.0 mEq/L |
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lab values serum sodium |
135-145 mEq/L |
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lab values serum calcium |
8.9-10.3 mg/dL |
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lab values serum magnesium |
1.3-2.1 mEq/L |
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lab values serum phosphate |
2.5-4.5 mg/dL |
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lab values serum creatinine |
.6-1.5 mg/dL |
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lab values serum BUN |
10-20 mg/dL |
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lab values serum BUN/ Cre Ratio |
vary 10:1-20:1 |
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lab values urine sg |
1.003-1.035 |
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lab values urine osmolality |
50-1400 mOsm/kg |
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gastroenteritis |
most common cause of dehydration bacterial viral or parasotic clinical signs diarrhea, abdominal cramping, fever, vomiting |
