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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Whats the Difference between a contusion and a concussion?
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Contusion = FOCAL hemorrhage within brain tissue. BRUISE of brain
Concussion = DIFFUSE injury to brain with or without axonal injury |
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How does a high velocity bullet damage brain differently than a low velocity bullet?
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High velocity = likely to come out other side, and turn brain to mush
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T/F: Damage to brain depends on velocity of the bullet
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TRUE
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Pt gets concussion and is irritable, dizzy, emotional, and has dec. concentration. What do you expect to see on imaging?
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diffuse damage
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PT gets a contusion. Were are you likely to see in on imaging?
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Around edges (esp base of cerebellum and ant. temporal lobes). Often area of whiteness on CT
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How do Epidural hematomas look on x-ray?
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They're formed in a POTENTIAL space, so they create LENS shaped hematoma that DOES NOT extend from pole to pole
appear white on ct but become les dense as they dilute and reabsorb |
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What causes epidural hematoma?
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meningeal ateries
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What are some complications of acute head injury?
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pressure/volume relationship due to edema or expanding mass lesion, such as hematoma
Herniation syndromes = things going into spaces they're not supposed to, like one of my favorite past times, sticking a fork into an electrical socket |
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How do subdural hemoatomas appear on x-ray?
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white on CT, blood runs from ant. to post pole because it behaves like an actual space (vs epidural hematomas)
Over time, become less x-ray dense |
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T/F: theres a limit as to how big an internal lesion can grow before it affects other parts of the brain
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TRUE
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PT comes in with recent contusion or concussion, imaging pending. What do you do?
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ABC (airway, breathing, circ.)
Stabilize cervical spine (until proven unfractured/dislocated) Neurologic exam Vitals Pupils Weakness in limbs Imaging (CT) |
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Pt opens eyes when you walk in room in ER, has abnormal flexion, and is making incomprehensible sounds. Whats their glascow coma scale rating?
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eyes open = 4, motor response = 3, verbal response = 2
9 out of 15 |
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Pt opens eyes to pain, can localize their motor responses, and is oriented. Whats their glasgow comma scale?
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opens eyes to pain = 2, can localize their motor responses = 5, and is oriented = 5
12 out of 15 = pretty good |
