Nbde Dental Anatomy Pdl/g

Front 1

What is the major function of the mucous membrane within the oral cavity?

Back 1

Lining and protection, as well as free movement of the lips and cheeks

Front 2

Where is lining mucosa found?

Back 2

buccal mucosa
labial mucosa
alveolar mucosa
floor of the mouth
ventral surface of tongue
soft palate

Front 3

What is the gen. appearance of Lining Mucosa

Back 3

Soft surface texture
Stretches and compresses
Acts as a cushion

Front 4

What is the Microscopic appearance of Lining mucosa?

Back 4

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epi.
few rete pregs
thin lamina propria

Front 5

Where is masticatory mucosa found?

Back 5

Free gingiva
attached gingiva
Interdental gingiva
hard palate
Dorsal tongue surface

Front 6

What is the general appearance of Masticatory mucosa?

Back 6

Rubbery surface texture and resiliency
Makes a firm base

Front 7

What is the Microscopic appearance of Masticatory Mucosa?

Back 7

Keratinized ept
many rete pegs
thick lamina propria

Front 8

Where is specialized mucosa found?

Back 8

Dorsal surface of the tongue

Front 9

What is the general appearance of specialized mucosa?

Back 9

Associated with lingual papilla

Front 10

What is the microscopic appearance of Specialized mucosa?

Back 10

Mostly keratinized
(filiform and circumvallate)
- the non are fungiform and foliate

Front 11

The crevicular (sulcular) epithelium and gingival col are _____ gingival tissues.

Back 11

nonkeratinized

Front 12

What does the presence of rete pegs indicate?

Back 12

Indicative of the presence of inflammation

Front 13

What does the lining of a healthy gingival sulcus consist of?

Back 13

nonkeratinized epithelium with no rete pegs

Front 14

Which group of fibers of the alveolodental ligament resist tilting, intrusive, extrusive, and rotational forces?

Back 14

Apical group

Front 15

What are the principal fibers of the PDL composed of?
What do they do?

Back 15

Bundles of Type 1 collagen
Connects the cementum to the alveolar bone

Front 16

What is the main principal fiber group of the PDL called?

Back 16

Alveolodental ligament (Has 5 fiber groups)

Front 17

What are the five fiber groups of the Alveolodental ligament?

Back 17

Alveolar Crest Group
Apical Group
Oblique Group
Horizontal Group
Interradicular Group

Front 18

Originates in the alveolar crest of the alveolar bone and fans out to insert into the cervical cementum at various angles. Resists tilting, intrusive, extrusive, and rotational forces

Back 18

Alveolar Crest Group

Front 19

Radiates from the apical region of the cementum to insert into the surrounding alveolar bone proper. Resists extrusive forces that try to pull the tooth outward, and rotational forces

Back 19

Apical Group

Front 20

The most numerous of the fiber groups and covers the apical two-thirds of the root. Originates in alveolar bone proper and extends apically to insert into the apical part of the cementum in an oblique manner. Resists intrusive forces, that try to push the tooth inward, as well as rotational forces

Back 20

Oblique Group

Front 21

Originates in the Alveolar bone proper apical to its alveolar crest and inserts into the cementum horizontally. Resists tilting forces (prevents forces to push the tip in all four directions) and to resist rotational forces

Back 21

horizontal Group

Front 22

Found only in multirooted teeth. inserted on the cementum of one root to the cementum of the other root (or roots) superficial to the interradicular septum and thus has no bony attachments. Works with the alveolar crest and apical groups to resist intrusive, extrusive, tilting, and rotational forces

Back 22

Interradicular Group

Front 23

What is the last principle fiber group which inserts mesially or interdentally into the cervical cementum of neighboring teeth over the alveolar crest of the alveolar bone proper. Fibers travel from cementum to cementum without any bone attachment. Resists rotational forces and thus holds the teeth in interproximal contacts

Back 23

Transseptal fibers

Front 24

The terminal portions of the collagen fibers which insert into the cementum are called what?

Back 24

Sharpey's Fibers

Front 25

Collagen fibers that support only marginal tissues to maintain their relationship to the tooth

Back 25

Gingival Fibers

Front 26

The name given to separate but adjacent fiber groups that are found within the lamina propria of the marginal gingiva

Back 26

Gingival Fiber group (Gingival ligament)

Front 27

What do some histologists consider the gingival ligament to be a part of?

Back 27

Principal Fibers of the PDL

Front 28

What are the different fibers of the gingival ligament?

Back 28

Circular Lig.
Dentogingival Lig.
Alveologingival Lig.
Dentoperiosteal Lig.

Front 29

This fiber subgroup of the gingival fiber group is located in the lamina propria of the marginal gingiva. Encircles the tooth and helps maintain gingival integrity.

Back 29

Circular Lig.

Front 30

This fiber subgroup of the gingival fiber group inserts in the cementum on the root, apical to the epithelial attachment, and extends into the lamina propria of the marginal gingiva. Has a single mineralized attachment to the cementum. it works with the circular lig. to maintain gingival integrity.

Back 30

Dentogingival lig.

Front 31

This fiber subgroup of the gingival fiber group extends from the alveolar crest of the alveolar bone proper and radiates coronally into the overlying lamina propria of the marginal gingiva. may help to attach the gingiva to the alveolar bone because of their one mineralized attachment to bone.

Back 31

Alveologingival Lig.

Front 32

This fiber subgroup of the gingival fiber group courses from the cementum, near the cementoenamel junction, across the alveolar crest. These fibers possibly anchor the tooth to the bone and protect the deeper PDL

Back 32

Dentoperiosteal Lig.

Front 33

Which structure is the inner layer of cells of the junctional epithelium and attaches the gingiva to the tooth?

Back 33

Epithelial attachment

Front 34

What provides epithelial attachment of the gingiva?

Back 34

Junctional epithelium via basal lamina and hemidesmosomes
(Forms actual tooth attachment)

Front 35

Epithelial lining extending from the gingival margin to the junctional epithelium.

Back 35

Sulcular Epithelium

Front 36

The epithelial colar that provides the epithelial attachment to the tooth surface continuous with but structurally distinct from the sulcular epithelium.

Back 36

Junctional Epithelium

Front 37

The Lamina dura corresponds to which component of the alveolar process?

Back 37

Alveolar bone proper

Front 38

Part of the Max. and mand. that forms and supports the sockets of the teeth.

Back 38

Alveolar Process

Front 39

What are the two main parts of the alveolar process?

Back 39

Alveolar Bone Proper
Supporting Alveolar bone

Front 40

Thin layer of compact bone that is specialized continuation of the cortical plate and forms the tooth socket.

Back 40

Alveolar Bone Proper

Front 41

What has minute openings which provide passages for vascular and nerve components and is comprised of compact bone.

Back 41

Lamina Dura

Front 42

What is lamina Dura sometimes called?
Why?

Back 42

Bundle Bone
Due to bundles of perforating collagen fibers

Front 43

That bone which surrounds the alveolar bone proper and gives support to the socket. Consists of a cortical plate and spongy bone sections

Back 43

Supporting Alveolar bone

Front 44

Composed of lingual and facial plates of compact bone. Dense and provides strength and protection. Skeletal muscle attachment.

Back 44

Cortical plate

Front 45

Which cortical plate is more dense?
Mand. or Max.?

Back 45

mand. and has few perforations for nerve and blood vessel passage

Front 46

What is the highest point of the alveolar ridge and joins the facial and lingual cortical plates?

Back 46

Alveolar Crest

Front 47

Fills in the area between cortical plates and alveolar bone proper. It is nor present in the anterior region of the mouth where the cortical plate is fused to alveolar bone proper. Also true of radicular buccal bone of the max. posteriors.

Back 47

Spongy Bone

Front 48

How wide is the PDL of an adult?

Back 48

0.2 mm wide

Front 49

What does the thickness of the PDL depend on?

Back 49

Age
Stage of eruption
Function of the tooth

Front 50

How thick is the PDL in old age/
Why?

Back 50

About 0.1 mm
Probably due to deposition of cementum and bone

Front 51

What happens to the PDL when a tooth loses its function?

Back 51

Becomes very thin and loses regular arrangement of its fibers
Also occurs in areas of tension (not compression)

Front 52

The occlusal table is less than _____ of the overall faciolingual width of the tooth.

Back 52

60%

Front 53

The occlusal table of the tooth is generally at right angles to the _____ _____ _____ _____.

Back 53

long axis of the tooth

Front 54

Crowns of mand. molars are inclined about _____ toward the lingual. For this reason root apices of mand. molars are positioned more _____ and the crowns are positioned more _____.

Back 54

15-20%
Facially
Lingually

Front 55

What is the PDL derived from?

Back 55

Dental sac

Front 56

What are the tissues immediately adjacent to the PDL?

Back 56

Cementum and Alveolar Bone

Front 57

Remnants of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath found in the PDL of a functional tooth are called what?
What sometimes happens to these?

Back 57

Rests of Malassez
These sometimes become calcified into (Cementicles)

Front 58

What is the portion of the Principal fiber that is embedded into the cementum is called?

Back 58

Sharpey's Fibers

Front 59

Where is the diameter of the sharpey's fibers greatest?

Back 59

Bone side rather than the cementum side.

Front 60

What does the PDL contain?

Back 60

Cells
Blood Vessels
Lymphatics
Extracellular fibers (collagen)
Ground substance (proteins and polysaccharides)

Front 61

What are the functions of the PDL?

Back 61

Physical
Formative
Remodeling
Nutritive
Sensory

Front 62

Attachment of the tooth to the bone via principal fibers and absorption of occlusal forces.

Back 62

Physical functions of the PDL

Front 63

Formation of connective tissue components by activities of connective tissue cells (cementoblasts, fibroblasts, osteoblasts)

Back 63

Formative functions of the PDL

Front 64

Activities of connective tissue cells that are able to form as well as resorb cementum (cementoblasts or cementoclasts), PDL (fibroblasts, or fibroclasts), and alveolar bone (osteoblasts or osteoclasts)

Back 64

Remodeling function of the PDL

Front 65

Through blood vessels that maintain the vitality of its various cells

Back 65

Nutritive function of the PDL

Front 66

Carried by the trigeminal nerve, proprioceptive and tactile sensitivity is imparted through PDL (sensation of contact between teeth). PDL is richly supplied with nerve endings that are primarily receptors for pain and pressure.

Back 66

Sensory function of the PDL

Front 67

The col is a non-keratinized, concave-shaped structure which is most specifically part of which gingival division.

Back 67

Interdental gingiva

Front 68

Refers to the functional unit of tissues that surrounds and supports the teeth.

Back 68

Periodontium

Front 69

What are the two sections of the periodontium?

Back 69

Gingival unit
Attachment apparatus

Front 70

What composes the gingival unit?

Back 70

Free and attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa

Front 71

What comprises the attachment apparatus?

Back 71

Cementum, PDL, and alveolar bone proper

Front 72

The interdental gingiva is that part of the free gingiva that occupies the interdental spaces _____ to the alveolar crest.

Back 72

Coronal

Front 73

Triangular gingival mass which is situated between the teeth in the area beneath the tooth contact points and consists of two papillae (one buccal and one lingual) that are connected by the concave-shaped interdental col.

Back 73

Interdental gingiva

Front 74

Gingiva which is firm, dense, stippled, and bound to the underlying periosteum, tooth, and bone. Extends from the mucogingival junction to the free gingival groove.

Back 74

Attached Gingiva

Front 75

Part of the gingiva which is unattached to underlying tissues and helps to form the sides of the gingival crevice (sulcus). Extends from the free gingival groove to the gingival margin.

Back 75

Free Gingiva

Front 76

In the absence of _____ _____, the configurations of the crest of the interdental alveolar septa are determined by the relative positions of the adjacent CEJ's. Width is determined by the tooth form present.

Back 76

Periodontal Disease

Front 77

The first area to show clinical signs of gingivitis is what?

Back 77

Free Gingiva

Front 78

The collar of tissue that is not attached to the tooth or alveolar bone.

Back 78

Free gingiva

Front 79

How wide is the free gingiva?

Back 79

1 to 3 mm wide

Front 80

1 mm narrow band of gingiva that forms the immediate collar around the base of the tooth. This area is the first to show symptoms of gingivitis

Back 80

Gingival margin

Front 81

Area between the unattached gingiva and the tooth. Popcorn hulls get trapped in this area

Back 81

Gingival sulcus

Front 82

Joins the gingiva to the tooth surface

Back 82

Epithelial Attachment (junctional epithelium)

Front 83

Part of the gingiva which is attached to the underlying periosteum of the alveolar bone, and to the cementum by connective tissue fibers and the epithelial attachment. Present between the free gingiva and the more movable alveolar mucosa.

Back 83

Attached Gingiva

Front 84

The _____ _____ separates the attached gingiva from the alveolar mucosa.

Back 84

Mucogingival junction

Front 85

The _____ _____ _____ separates the free gingiva from the attached gingiva.

Back 85

Free gingival groove

Front 86

Gingival fibers are found within the ...

Back 86

Free Gingiva

Front 87

What are the collagen fibers of the gingiva?

Back 87

Circumferential (circular)
Dentogingival
Dentoperiosteal
Alveolo-gingival
(sometimes transseptal fibers)