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48 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the four theoretical determinants needed to restore a complete and functional occlusal surface of a tooth?
1. Amount of vertical overlap of Ant. teeth
2. Contour of articular eminence
3. Amount and direction of lat. shift in working side condyle
4. Position of tooth in the arch
Reshaping of the occlusal surfaces of the teeth to creat harmonious contact relationships between max. and mand.
Occlusal adjustment (equilibration)
What can occlusal adjustment involve?
Disking
Odontoplasty
Enameloplasty
Coronoplasty
What are the basic principles for occlusal adjustment?
1.Max distribution of occlusal stress in centric relation
2. Forces of occlusion borne by the long axis of the tooth
3. Surface to surface contacts in flat cusps should change to point to point contact
4. Never take the teeth out of centric occlusion
What are the determinants of occlusion?
1. Rt. TMJ - Lig. and condyle
2. Lt. TMJ - Lig. and condyle
3. Teeth - inter-occlusal contacting points and inclines of cusps of opposing arches (variable)
4. Neuromuscular system
What are the posterior determinants of occlusion?
Rt. and Lt. TMJ
What is the Ant. determinant of Occlusion?
Teeth
What programs the neuromuscular system?
The teeth
What are the mechanical equivalents for the reproduction of occlusal determinants?
1. Articulators
2. Facebow recordings
3. Mounting lower cast on articulator
4. Setting condylar guidance
5. Setting Bennett angle
6. Transferring Ant. guidance values to incisal guidance plate
The most unstrained, retruded anatomic and functional position of the heads of the condyles or the mandible in the mand. glenoid fossa of the TMJ
Centric Relation
What is the relationship of bones to teeth in CR?
Relationship of the upper and lower jaw bones without tooth contact
What are not factors in Centric relation?
Presence or absence of teeth
Type of occlusion or malocclusion
_____ _____ is typically slightly ant. to CR.
Centric occlusion
Why can the mand. not be forced into CR from rest?
Neuromuscular defense would resist the applied force
(Relaxed and Guided instead)
Relationship between the max. and mand. occlusal surfaces that provides the max. contact and or intercuspation.
Centric Occlusion
Consists of all contacts during chewing, swallowing, or normal actions
Functional Occlusion
Normal contacts made during chewing and swallowing
Functional contacts
Contacts made outside of the normal range, may create wear factes or attrition and result from habit
Parafunctional contacts
Cusps _____ tall but never _____ be tall; and cusps _____ be short, but never _____ be short.
May, must
Must, may
Overlapping relationship of opposing max. and mand. incisors and canines. Produces disclusion of post. teeth when mand. protudes and moves to either side
Anterior Guidance (Ant. coupling)
What mechanical advantage do Ant. teeth have over Post. teeth?
They are farther away from the fulcrum giving better leverage to offset closing muscles
What happens if muscular guidance can be accomplished?
Least amount of force will be placed on the teeth during muscular contraction
The further away from the site of action the _____ force is exerted.
Less
Less vertical overlap of ant. teeth, the _____ the cusps must be.
shorter
Greater the vertical overlap of ant. teeth, the _____ the cusps must be.
longer
Greater the horizontal overlap of ant. teeth, the _____ the cusps must be.
shorter
Less horizontal overlap of ant. teeth, the _____ the cusps may be.
longer
The Bennett movement refers to which condyle(s)?
Working side only
In lateral movement the _____ side condyle moves downward, forward, and medially.
Non-working
In lateral movement the _____ side condyle moves laterally.
Working
What determines how far the working side moves laterally in a lateral working movement?
The amount that the non-working condyle moves medially
What is the Bennett movement also sometimes called?
Lateral shift or immediate side shift
What important influences does the bennett movement or immediate side shift have on the max and the mand.?
Lingual concavity of max. ant. teeth
Directional placement of the ridges and grooves on the mand. post. teeth
The vertical distance by which max. incisors overlap the mand. incisors
Overbite
What defines normal overbite?
Incisal edges are within the incisal third of mand. incisors
The horizontal distance between the labio-incisal surfaces of the mand. incisors and the linguo-incisal surfaces of the max. incisors
Overjet
Max. teeth are lingual to mand. teeth
Underjet
Lack of occlusal or incisal contact between max. and mand. teeth. The teeth can not be brought together.
Open bite
Refers to anteroposterior curvature of the occlusal surfaces, starting at the tip of the lower canine, following the buccal cusp tips of the premolars and molars and continuing to the anterior boarder of the ramus.
Curve of Spee
Where would an ideal curve of Spee extend into?
Aligned so that a continuation of its arc would extend through the condyles
What is the shape of the curve of spee for mand. teeth?
Concave
What is the shape of the curve of spee for Max. teeth?
Convex
Refers to the mediolateral curve that contacts the buccal and lingual cusp tips on each side of the arch. Results from inward inclination of the lower posterior teeth, making the lingual cusps lower than the buccal cusps on mand. arch. The buccal cusps are higher than the lingual cusps on the max. arch because of the outward inclination of the upper posterior teeth.
Curve of Wilson
What is the shape of the curve of wilson in mand. teeth?
Concave
What is the shape of the curve of wilson in max. teeth?
Convex
The mandible functions as what kind of lever?
Class III Lever
What are the different parts of the lever system of the mand.?
Class III
- Fulcrum = Condyle
- Force = Muscles
- Workload = Teeth
In a class III lever system where is the workload located?
Between the force and the fulcrum