Music History Final- Terms

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Chorale

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text and tune; simple metrical tune, rhyming verses

· originallymonophonic (consisting of a single unaccompanied melody line)

· strophic hymnin Lutheran tradition, intended to be sung by the congregation in German.

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Madrigal

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1.poetic text; Italian poetic form and its musical setting having two or three stanzas followed by a ritornello.

a. word painting

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Orfeo

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- 1st opera

based on the story of Ofeo

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Binary Form

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1. two roughly equal sections, each repeated

a. first section leads to dominant, secondreturns to tonic ex: A/B section

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ContenanceAngloise

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1. English- early renaissance using thirds and sixths (instead of 4ths and 5ths); often in parallel motion.

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CounterReformation

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catholic church taking over, Palestrina (1545-1563)

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Virginalists

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- Played the virginal, British: William Bryd

a. English name for the harpsichord; keyboard

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Consort

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-English name for a group of alike instruments

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Broken Consort

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English name for a group of different instruments.

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Recitative

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- a half-singing, half-reciting style of presenting words in opera, cantata, oratorio, etc., following speech accents and speech rhythms closely.

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Toccata

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Italian for “touched”

-Piece for keyboard or lute resembling an improvisation; may include imitative sections ormay serve as a system of tonality

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Fugue

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-harmonized round; one subject and develops it a. Imitative counter point based on a subject; usually 1st and 5th scale degrees

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Suite

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a set of pieces that are linked together into a single work.

-Baroque period refers to a set of stylized dance pieces (collection of dances)

Allemande, grande, sarabande

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Da Capo Aria

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Aria form with two sections (ternary form)

-First section is repeated after the second section’s close; ABA form ex: Bel Piacere Handel

- Italian for "from the head"

-

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Cantata (in the style of Barbara Strozzi)**

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- little chamber operas that people would host in their home (Mickey and Mon hosting a cantata in the dorms)

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Ground Bass

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-Basso Ostinato; Italian for “persistent bass”

- A pattern in the bass that repeats while the melody above it changes (descending 4th line)

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Cori Spezzati

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associated with St. Marks cathedral

- Gabrelli the choirs or group of instruments that were placed in a balcony of a church to create surround sound

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Trio Sonata

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Four people play in a trio sonata

· cello playing bass

· keyboard player- fill in the chords (usually improvised)

· flute/ violins to play melody

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Basso Continuo

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-Keyboard instrument or lute that fills in the chord/ fill in the harmony. (figured bass)

-Italian for“continuous bass”; system of notation and performance practice in baroque period.

- Instrumental bass line is written out and one or more players of keyboard, lute or similarinstruments fill in the harmony with chords or improvised melodic line; bassline itself.

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French Overture

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-Type of overture used in Tragédie En Musique and other genres that opens with a slow, homophonic, and majestic section, followed by a faster second section that begins with imitation. -Homophonic-all voices that move together in the same rhythm.

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Antiphonal

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-alternating choirs

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polyphonal

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music or musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independentmelody

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polychoral

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For more than one choir; multiple choirs.