Music Appreciation Final

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Varese

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He pushed electronic music and influenced the kind of music we hear today

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poem electronique

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one of the masterpieces of electronic music

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lonisation

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composed by Varese. It is the first peice written just for percussion

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Cage

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and american composer who wrote music for prepared piano

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Crumb

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and american composer who was influenced by Asian music and would quote Chopin in his music

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Black Angels

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a piece for an electric string quartet

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Terry Riley

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Wrote the influential piece in C. This piece influenced other composers which in turn influenced the dance and techno music we hear today

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Steve Reich

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he became fascinated with "phase shifting" 1st worked with tape loops. then studied in African Drumming in Africa. Came back and wrote in style that used overlapping ostinatos

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Philip Glass

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uses simple harmonic progressions and studied Indian Music

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John Adams

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a 2nd generation minimalist composer. his music is more chromatic than the 1st generation

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Ligeti

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His musci has no clear pitches or chords just a cloud of sound. There is also no real sense of meter or rythem

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Lutoslawski

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A polish composer that used ad lib to create his sound mass compositions

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Xenakis

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a greek composer who uses math equations, such as a Brownian motion to create his compositions

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Jerry Goldsmith

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among the most respected film composer. He was one of the first to use electronic music in film

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John williams

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a filmcomposer who popularized film music

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James Horner

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he has the ability to write heavily intense musci as well as very calming music

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Christopher Franke

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Successfully merged electonic musci with the standard orchestra for Bablyon 5

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Melody

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complex. the disintergration o ftraditional melody. A sugestion of melody without clear tunes or using brief melodic fragments

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new scales

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pentatonic, whole tone, octation and quarter tone scales

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harmony

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dissoncance and consonance are relative matters. The resoloution is not from dissonance to consonance but form sharp dissoncance to a softer dissonance

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rytherm

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more complex

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chromaticism

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freedom to use all 12 pitches of the chromaic scale

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The Secondary Viennese School

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arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern and Alban Berg

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Schoenberg

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Created the 12 tone system of composition. Composed Pierrot lunaire

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Sprechstimme

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A combination of singing and speaking

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Pierrot Lunaire

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uses the vocal tehnique Sprechstimme throughout the piece

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Webern

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His music is really short and condensed. His symphonies are only about 7 minutes long

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Berg

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Composed Wozzek

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Debussy

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his tone colors avoid heavy sonorities. He used a subtle and mysterious shade fo sound. He created the musical style later called impressionism

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Stravinsky

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wrote 3 ballets: Firebird, Petrushka, The rite of spring. His writing style is rythmic.

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The Rite of Spring

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is a ballet using a large orchestra. The peice begins eith a melody played by the bassoon in the highest part of its range

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Ives

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The 1st original american composer. He quoted American folk songs in his music

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Copland

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Composed music that truely sounds American which was later copied and used for western TV shows. He wrote the ballet Applachian Spring for Martha Graham about a pioneer celebration in Pennsylvania

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Barber

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An american composer whos Adagio for Strings was the most performed piece by an American composer

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Saxhorn

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an over the shoulder brass instrument used in brass bands in the 1800s

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John Philip Sousa

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A major American Composer who wrote marches

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Gustav Holst and Ralph Vaughan Williams

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Wrote music for concert band to make it a serious ensemble like the orchestra is today. They also used English folk music in their composition

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Arvo Part

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An Estonian composer who uses the Renaissance period style and uses silence in his music